CAJ | 학술논문

为了总结避雷器用脱离器应具备的性能,并验证这些性能的完整试验方法,研究了目前中国脱离器的主要结构、类型以及在运行过程中出现的主要问题。分析认为,目前中国脱离器运行状况不佳的原因有：标准中对脱离器的性能要求不完善;目前运行中脱离器的性能不满足实际性能需求;未考虑电网结构差异,主要是中性点接地方式等。从动作性能、耐受性能、环境性能、机械性能和电网结构等方面研究了脱离器的性能需求,并结合脱离器的故障模式,指出目前中国标准存在的问题主要在机械及环境试验、试验程序、安秒特性试验3个方面。最后就试验程序、通流容量要求、电流耐受试验、动作电流要求、安装要求、安全距离、脱离器性能评价等方面,为建立独立脱离器标准体系提出了一系列新的措施和建议。
위료총결피뢰기용탈리기응구비적성능,병험증저사성능적완정시험방법,연구료목전중국탈리기적주요결구、류형이급재운행과정중출현적주요문제。분석인위,목전중국탈리기운행상황불가적원인유：표준중대탈리기적성능요구불완선;목전운행중탈리기적성능불만족실제성능수구;미고필전망결구차이,주요시중성점접지방식등。종동작성능、내수성능、배경성능、궤계성능화전망결구등방면연구료탈리기적성능수구,병결합탈리기적고장모식,지출목전중국표준존재적문제주요재궤계급배경시험、시험정서、안초특성시험3개방면。최후취시험정서、통류용량요구、전류내수시험、동작전류요구、안장요구、안전거리、탈리기성능평개등방면,위건립독립탈리기표준체계제출료일계렬신적조시화건의。
For the purpose of summarizing performance requirements of arrester disconnector and complete test methods to verify the performance,we studied the main structure and types,as well as the main problems found in operation of arrester disconnectors.The reasons causing the barely satisfying performances of arrester disconnectors are mainly in three aspects,i.e.,the incomplete standard about the disconnector performance,the quality shortage of the existing arrester disconnectors according to actual operation demands,and the lack of consideration in the differences of the grid structure,e.g.,the neutral grounding mode.Consequently,the performance requirements of disconnertors are investigated in several aspects,including the operation performance,the withstand performance,the environmental performance,the mechanical performance,and the grid structure,etc..Based on the summarization of the faults and requirements,it is concluded that Chinese standards of arrester disconnector have problems existing in mechanical and environmental tests,test procedures,and ampere-second characteristic tests.Finally suggestions for establishing a new individual standard system of arrestor disconnecters are presented in several aspects,such as the test procedure,the discharge capacity requirement,the withstand current requirement,the operation current requirement,the installation requirement,the safe distance,and the performance evaluation,etc..