中国奶牛
中國奶牛
중국내우
CHINA DAIRY CATTLE
2012年
21期
27-30
,共4页
张美荣%廖想想%陈丹%许兆君%毛永江%刘坤%陈亮%王杏龙%杨章平%杨利国
張美榮%廖想想%陳丹%許兆君%毛永江%劉坤%陳亮%王杏龍%楊章平%楊利國
장미영%료상상%진단%허조군%모영강%류곤%진량%왕행룡%양장평%양리국
产犊季节%胎次%牛场%泌乳性能
產犢季節%胎次%牛場%泌乳性能
산독계절%태차%우장%비유성능
Calving seasons%Parity%Dairy farm%Milking performance
本研究收集了3个千头以上奶牛场共8872条相关信息，采用多因素方差分析法分析了不同产犊季节、胎次和牛场对泌乳天数、305d校正奶量、305d脂肪产量、305d蛋白产量和全泌乳期产奶量5个泌乳性能指标的影响。结果表明，不同产犊季节、胎次和牛场都极显著影响奶牛的该5项泌乳性能（P〈0．01）。夏季和秋季产犊奶牛的泌乳性能较为理想。夏季产犊奶牛的泌乳天数和全泌乳期产奶量最高，其他三个泌乳性能指标都位居第二；秋季产犊奶牛的305d校正奶量、脂肪产量和蛋白产量都显著高于其他三个季节（P〈0．05），泌乳天数和全泌乳期产奶量也仅次于夏季。头胎牛的各项泌乳性能都显著高于其他胎次的奶牛（P〈0．05），其次为2胎产犊奶牛。随着胎次的增加，泌乳性能的各项指标都有不同程度的降低。不同的牛场极显著地影响奶牛的泌乳性能（P〈0．01）。
本研究收集瞭3箇韆頭以上奶牛場共8872條相關信息，採用多因素方差分析法分析瞭不同產犢季節、胎次和牛場對泌乳天數、305d校正奶量、305d脂肪產量、305d蛋白產量和全泌乳期產奶量5箇泌乳性能指標的影響。結果錶明，不同產犢季節、胎次和牛場都極顯著影響奶牛的該5項泌乳性能（P〈0．01）。夏季和鞦季產犢奶牛的泌乳性能較為理想。夏季產犢奶牛的泌乳天數和全泌乳期產奶量最高，其他三箇泌乳性能指標都位居第二；鞦季產犢奶牛的305d校正奶量、脂肪產量和蛋白產量都顯著高于其他三箇季節（P〈0．05），泌乳天數和全泌乳期產奶量也僅次于夏季。頭胎牛的各項泌乳性能都顯著高于其他胎次的奶牛（P〈0．05），其次為2胎產犢奶牛。隨著胎次的增加，泌乳性能的各項指標都有不同程度的降低。不同的牛場極顯著地影響奶牛的泌乳性能（P〈0．01）。
본연구수집료3개천두이상내우장공8872조상관신식，채용다인소방차분석법분석료불동산독계절、태차화우장대비유천수、305d교정내량、305d지방산량、305d단백산량화전비유기산내량5개비유성능지표적영향。결과표명，불동산독계절、태차화우장도겁현저영향내우적해5항비유성능（P〈0．01）。하계화추계산독내우적비유성능교위이상。하계산독내우적비유천수화전비유기산내량최고，기타삼개비유성능지표도위거제이；추계산독내우적305d교정내량、지방산량화단백산량도현저고우기타삼개계절（P〈0．05），비유천수화전비유기산내량야부차우하계。두태우적각항비유성능도현저고우기타태차적내우（P〈0．05），기차위2태산독내우。수착태차적증가，비유성능적각항지표도유불동정도적강저。불동적우장겁현저지영향내우적비유성능（P〈0．01）。
The influence of different calving seasons, parity and farm on reproductive performances were analyzed by multiple factor variance analysis based on 8 872 records from 3 dairy farms feeding more than one thousand dairy cattle. The five reproductive performances index contained lactating days, 305-days milk yield, 305-days fat and protein yield, and the whole lactation milk yield. The results showed that effect of different calving seasons, parity and farm on milking performances of Holstein was highly significant (P〈0.01). The milking performances of calving cows in summer and autumn were more ideal. Lactating days and the whole lactation milk yield of cows were the highest in summer, and the other three lactation performances were in second place. 305-days milk yield, 305-days fat and protein yield in autumn were significantly higher than the other three seasons (P〈0.05). Lactating days and the whole lactation milk yield in autumn were only after summer. The milking performances of first lactation cows were significantly higher than the others parities (P〈0.05), followed by the second lactation cows. The five milking performances reduced in different degree with the parities increased. Different farms had highly significant effects on milking performances of Holstein(P〈0.01).
