CAJ | 학술논문

目的：通过外军飞行人员屈光不正矫治技术与方法的文献荟萃分析，为我军飞行人员选拔与鉴定提供文献参考依据。方法检索与引用国内外相关期刊、科技报告文献及外军招飞官方网站信息55篇(条)，采用综合性队列荟萃分析方法，对原始文献数据进行统计、分析和总结。结果外军视力标准逐步放宽，如美国空军矫正视力为20/20（小数视力1.0），裸眼视力要求已放宽至20/70，戴镜飞行比率逐渐上升，飞行驾驶员已从17%升至41%；2000年以来，准分子激光屈光性角膜切削术（photorefractive keratectomy，PRK）和准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术（laser assisted in situ keratomileusis，LASIK）等角膜屈光手术（corneal refractive surgery，CRS）已成为外军飞行人员屈光不正矫治的主要技术手段，术后+9 Gz和35000 ft航空作业环境评估，对视力无明显影响。结论 CRS是安全有效的，改善了外军飞行人员屈光不正状况，术后满意率高，并能使飞行人员快速恢复作战能力。
목적：통과외군비행인원굴광불정교치기술여방법적문헌회췌분석，위아군비행인원선발여감정제공문헌삼고의거。방법검색여인용국내외상관기간、과기보고문헌급외군초비관방망참신식55편(조)，채용종합성대렬회췌분석방법，대원시문헌수거진행통계、분석화총결。결과외군시력표준축보방관，여미국공군교정시력위20/20（소수시력1.0），라안시력요구이방관지20/70，대경비행비솔축점상승，비행가사원이종17%승지41%；2000년이래，준분자격광굴광성각막절삭술（photorefractive keratectomy，PRK）화준분자격광원위각막마양술（laser assisted in situ keratomileusis，LASIK）등각막굴광수술（corneal refractive surgery，CRS）이성위외군비행인원굴광불정교치적주요기술수단，술후+9 Gz화35000 ft항공작업배경평고，대시력무명현영향。결론 CRS시안전유효적，개선료외군비행인원굴광불정상황，술후만의솔고，병능사비행인원쾌속회복작전능력。
ObjectiveWe planned to review refractive error correction techniques and methods implemented in foreign military aviator by using meta-analysis, and to adapt them as references for study.MethodRetrieving literature of fifty-six papers, in this field from medical bibliographic databases and foreign military official websites,scientific-technical reports and network information were cited. The summary data of statistical analysis of the original information was achieved by using of comprehensive meta-analysis.ResultsThe foreign military vision requirement has been gradually broadened. For example, the USAF’s corrected visual acuity was 20/20, while uncorrected visual acuity was broadened to 20/70. The ratio of wearing corrective lenses rises gradually, from 17% to 41% in pilots. Corneal refractive surgeries (CRS), such as PRK and LASIK, have become the main methods of refractive error correction since 2000. Evaluation for aviation environment at +9 Gz and 35 000 ft after CRS was performed, no obvious effect showed on visual acuity.Conclusion CRS was efficacious and safe option for refractive error correction. It can effectively improve ametropia of foreign military pilots for its rather high postoperative satisfaction, and the aviators can quickly restore to their operational capability and return to flight status.