CAJ | 학술논문

通过两年温室盆栽试验，研究了不同磷肥用量下生物碳对土壤磷素含量、棉花生长和养分吸收的影响。试验以棉花秸秆为原料制备生物碳，制成三种热解温度（450℃、600℃和750℃）的生物碳，分别以BC450、 BC600和BC750表示，同时以空白土壤为对照（ CK）；磷肥（ P2 O5）用量设3个水平0、0.25、0.5 g/kg（分别以P0、P1、 P2表示）。研究结果表明，施用生物碳可显著提高土壤磷素含量及其有效性，随着生物碳热解温度的升高，土壤水溶性磷、速效磷及全磷含量均显著增加，且对三种磷素含量的影响表现为水溶性磷＞全磷＞速效磷。施用生物碳处理两年棉花的干物质重均显著高于对照，但不同热解生物碳处理对两年棉花干物质重的影响各异。施用生物碳可显著增加棉花养分吸收量，总体表现为750℃＞600℃＞450℃。因此，施用生物碳可显著提高土壤磷素含量，促进棉花生长和养分吸收；热解温度是影响生物碳质量的重要因素，生物碳的热解温度越高（450750℃），其促进作用越好。
통과량년온실분재시험，연구료불동린비용량하생물탄대토양린소함량、면화생장화양분흡수적영향。시험이면화갈간위원료제비생물탄，제성삼충열해온도（450℃、600℃화750℃）적생물탄，분별이BC450、 BC600화BC750표시，동시이공백토양위대조（ CK）；린비（ P2 O5）용량설3개수평0、0.25、0.5 g/kg（분별이P0、P1、 P2표시）。연구결과표명，시용생물탄가현저제고토양린소함량급기유효성，수착생물탄열해온도적승고，토양수용성린、속효린급전린함량균현저증가，차대삼충린소함량적영향표현위수용성린＞전린＞속효린。시용생물탄처리량년면화적간물질중균현저고우대조，단불동열해생물탄처리대량년면화간물질중적영향각이。시용생물탄가현저증가면화양분흡수량，총체표현위750℃＞600℃＞450℃。인차，시용생물탄가현저제고토양린소함량，촉진면화생장화양분흡수；열해온도시영향생물탄질량적중요인소，생물탄적열해온도월고（450750℃），기촉진작용월호。
Influence of biochar on soil phosphorus ( P ) , cotton growth and nutrient uptake under different phosphorus fertilizer application rates was evaluated with a pot experiment in years of 2011 and 2012.Biochar was produced from dried cotton stalks via pyrolysis in oxygen-limited conditions .Three types of biochar produced at 450℃, 600℃ and 750℃ ( BC450 , BC600 and BC750 ) were used as the soil organic amendment , and an untreated soil was set as control (CK) in this study.Each soil treatment was applied with three levels of P fertilizer (P2O5) as 0, 0.25 and 0.5 g/kg of soil weight (P0, P1 and P2).The experiment was that of 4 ×3 factorial design with four biochar treatments (BC450, BC600, BC750 and CK) and three P application rates (P0, P1 and P2).Cotton was planted for two consecutive growth seasons in 2011 and 2012.The results show that the soil P content and availability are significantly improved with biochar added .With the increase of pyrolysis temperature of biochar, the contents of water-soluble P, available P and total P in soil are increased significantly , and the order of influence of biochar on soil P content is water-soluble P>total P>available P.The dry matter amounts of cotton are significantly higher under the biochar treatments than those under the control ( CK) in both 2011 and 2012, but there are differences among three biochar treatments between 2011 and 2012.The P uptake of cotton is also promoted with biochar added .The order of cotton nutrients uptake under three biochar treatments is BC 750 >BC600 >BC450.These results suggest that biochar can increase soil P content , and enhance cotton growth and nutrients uptake .Thus, pyrolysis temperature is a vital factor for biochar , and the high temperature ( 750℃) biochar treatment demonstrates higher soil P , cotton dry matter weight and P uptake compared to the low temperature (450℃) biochar.