CAJ | 학술논문

本研究利用同位素15 N尿素，采用尿素熔融工艺分别制备了普通尿素（ U）、海藻酸增值尿素（ AU）、腐植酸增值尿素（ HAU）和谷氨酸增值尿素（ GU）试验产品，运用土柱栽培试验研究等氮量条件下（ N 0.1 g/kg干土，以0-30 cm土层干土重量计算）3种增值尿素产品对小麦产量、氮肥利用率和肥料氮在土壤剖面中分布的影响。主要结果，1）与U相比，AU、HAU和GU处理均可显著提高小麦籽粒产量，增加幅度分别为7.12％、13.63％和3.65％；2）小麦吸收的氮素中有44.8％48.0％来自肥料氮，AU、HAU、GU处理的小麦地上部吸收的肥料氮量均显著高于U处理，分别高出4.83％、7.41％和3.12％；3）虽然所有处理土壤残留的肥料氮均主要集中在0-50 cm土层中，U处理在50-90 cm层次土壤肥料氮累积量显著高于AU和HAU处理；4）AU、HAU和GU处理的小麦氮肥表观利用率分别较U处理显著提高6.38、15.63、3.08个百分点，HAU和AU处理的15 N利用率分别较普通尿素高出3.70和2.41个百分点，AU、HAU和GU处理的肥料氮的损失率分别比普通尿素显著降低7.64、9.52和2.19个百分点。
본연구이용동위소15 N뇨소，채용뇨소용융공예분별제비료보통뇨소（ U）、해조산증치뇨소（ AU）、부식산증치뇨소（ HAU）화곡안산증치뇨소（ GU）시험산품，운용토주재배시험연구등담량조건하（ N 0.1 g/kg간토，이0-30 cm토층간토중량계산）3충증치뇨소산품대소맥산량、담비이용솔화비료담재토양부면중분포적영향。주요결과，1）여U상비，AU、HAU화GU처리균가현저제고소맥자립산량，증가폭도분별위7.12％、13.63％화3.65％；2）소맥흡수적담소중유44.8％48.0％래자비료담，AU、HAU、GU처리적소맥지상부흡수적비료담량균현저고우U처리，분별고출4.83％、7.41％화3.12％；3）수연소유처리토양잔류적비료담균주요집중재0-50 cm토층중，U처리재50-90 cm층차토양비료담루적량현저고우AU화HAU처리；4）AU、HAU화GU처리적소맥담비표관이용솔분별교U처리현저제고6.38、15.63、3.08개백분점，HAU화AU처리적15 N이용솔분별교보통뇨소고출3.70화2.41개백분점，AU、HAU화GU처리적비료담적손실솔분별비보통뇨소현저강저7.64、9.52화2.19개백분점。
In this study , three kinds of value-added urea containing a certain ratio of: alginic acid , humic aicd ( HAU) and glutamic acid ( GU ) , were prepared with isotope 15 N urea using the urea melt technology .Pot experiments were conducted under the same N application rate ( N 0.1 g/kg dry soil by the soil weight of 0-30 cm soil layer ) to investigate the effects of value-added urea on wheat yields , N use efficiencies and the distributions of fertilizer N in soil profiles.The results show that:1) Compared with urea (U), the grain yield of wheat applied with alginic acid urea (AU), humic acid urea (HAU) and glutamic acid urea (GU) are increased by 7.12%, 13.63%and 3.65%respectively .2) The percentage of fertilizer N contribution in the total wheat N uptake ranges from 44.8%-48.0%, the percentages with AU , HAU and GU are 4.83%, 7.41% and 3.12% significantly higher than that with U .3 ) The residual fertilizer N is mainly centralized in 0-50 cm soil layer with all the treatments, but the residual amounts from U treatment is significantly higher than those from AU and HAU treatments in 50-90 cm soil layer.4) The percentages of fertilizer N apparent recoveries from AU , HAU and GU are 6.38, 15.63 and 3.08 higher than that of the U treatment .The 15 N recoveries of HAU and AU are significantly higher than that of the U treatment with increased percentage points of 3.70 and 2.41, respectively.As a result, the fertilizer nitrogen loss rates of AU , HAU and GU are significantly lower than that of the U treatment with decrease of 7.64, 9.52 and 2.19 percentage points, respectively.