CAJ | 학술논문

在半干旱旱作区通过试验研究全膜双垄沟玉米秸秆还田对土壤水分、玉米生长性状、秸秆腐烂程度以及产量的影响。结果表明，第一年玉米秸秆还田后全膜双垄沟播玉米前期表现出与作物争水分，后期增加了土壤的保水性，秸秆还田对土壤水分状况的影响具有双重性；玉米秸秆还田后，在作物的生长发育过程中不断地软化、腐烂，到玉米成熟时没有腐烂完的也都软化成碎的小片，以秋覆膜全膜双垄沟播秸秆还田处理的秸秆腐烂效果最好。秸秆还田对玉米叶面积及茎粗有一定的降低作用，秸秆还田后产量较不还田产量降低4．58％～4．65％、秋季整秆还田比顶凌整秆还田增产4．83％，但差异不显著。长期施用秸秆能够明显提高土壤有机质，有利于土壤的可持续发展。
재반간한한작구통과시험연구전막쌍롱구옥미갈간환전대토양수분、옥미생장성상、갈간부란정도이급산량적영향。결과표명，제일년옥미갈간환전후전막쌍롱구파옥미전기표현출여작물쟁수분，후기증가료토양적보수성，갈간환전대토양수분상황적영향구유쌍중성；옥미갈간환전후，재작물적생장발육과정중불단지연화、부란，도옥미성숙시몰유부란완적야도연화성쇄적소편，이추복막전막쌍롱구파갈간환전처리적갈간부란효과최호。갈간환전대옥미협면적급경조유일정적강저작용，갈간환전후산량교불환전산량강저4．58％～4．65％、추계정간환전비정릉정간환전증산4．83％，단차이불현저。장기시용갈간능구명현제고토양유궤질，유리우토양적가지속발전。
Field experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of rainwater harvesting technique (whole plastic-film mulching on alternating narrow and wide ridges with furrow planting ) in combination with straw returning on soil wa-ter content ,maize growth , decomposition efficiency of maize straw and yield performance in semi-arid rainfed area of Loess Plateau .A significant dual effect was detected on the relationship between soil water content ,crop water require-ment and straw water uptake .In particular ,a remarkable competitive relation between maize water requirement and straw water absorption was found at the first year after straw return applied into the rain harvesting technique ,but at the stage of later maize growth ,straw returns increased soil water retention capacity on the planting model of the combination of rain harvesting technique with straw returns .Maize straw returns together with rainwater harvesting technique was used in autumn could harvest a optimal decomposition efficiency of maize straw due to the longer duration of straw returns promote rate of straw decomposition .The rain harvesting technique with straw returns decreased leaf area and stem diameter to some extent in comparison with rain harvesting technique use only .4 .58% ~4 .65% of gain yield was loss in the combi-nation of rain harvesting technique with straw returns by compared with rain harvesting technique with no straw returns . Maize grain yield was higher by 4 .83% when maize straw returns together with rain harvesting technique was used in au-tumn than in early spring in spite of no significant difference .Our result revealed that high-producing rain harvesting technique integrated with sustainable straw returns can be expected to improve the soil quality and hence dryland agricul-tural ecosystem .