CAJ | 학술논문

通过在新疆巴州灌溉试验站进行的膜下滴灌棉花灌溉制度试验，得出了适合当地的常规滴灌制度。为进一步研究浅层地下水对灌溉的补偿效应，利用Hydrus软件对不同地下水埋深下膜下滴灌棉花生育期耗水量进行了模拟。通过引入关键点土壤含水率的概念，提出了膜下滴灌棉花受水分胁迫的标准。结果表明：地下水对棉花的耗水具有一定的补偿作用，地下水埋深越浅，则所需的灌溉定额越小。当地下水埋深小于1．5m时，滴灌定额为3300m3·hm-2；当地下水埋深为2．0m时，滴灌定额为4500m3·hm-2；当地下水埋深很大而对作物根区没有补给时，棉花完全依赖于灌溉所需的滴灌定额则为5550 m3·hm-2。考虑到干旱区内具有较高的潜在蒸发势，会导致土壤的次生盐渍化，从而危及作物的生长，1．5～3．0m的地下水埋深是灌区内较理想的水位区间。
통과재신강파주관개시험참진행적막하적관면화관개제도시험，득출료괄합당지적상규적관제도。위진일보연구천층지하수대관개적보상효응，이용Hydrus연건대불동지하수매심하막하적관면화생육기모수량진행료모의。통과인입관건점토양함수솔적개념，제출료막하적관면화수수분협박적표준。결과표명：지하수대면화적모수구유일정적보상작용，지하수매심월천，칙소수적관개정액월소。당지하수매심소우1．5m시，적관정액위3300m3·hm-2；당지하수매심위2．0m시，적관정액위4500m3·hm-2；당지하수매심흔대이대작물근구몰유보급시，면화완전의뢰우관개소수적적관정액칙위5550 m3·hm-2。고필도간한구내구유교고적잠재증발세，회도치토양적차생염지화，종이위급작물적생장，1．5～3．0m적지하수매심시관구내교이상적수위구간。
Through the irrigation schedule experiment of drip irrigation cotton under plastic film in Korla Irrigation Experiment Station ,Xinjiang ,has obtained the suitable local conventional drip irrigation schedule .In order to further study the compensation effect of shallow groundwater to the irrigation ,we use the Hydrus software to simulate the water consumption in growing stage of drip irrigation cotton under plastic film with different groundwater table .Through dwaw-ing into the concept of key point soil water content ,put forward the criterion of cotton water stress by the drip irrigation under plastic film .The results showed that :The ground water has a certain compensating function for the cotton water consumption ,the shallower groundwater table ,the smaller irrigation quota required .When the groundwater table was less than 1 .5 m ,the drip irrigation quota was 3300 m3·hm-2 .When the groundwater table was 2 .0 m ,the drip irrigation quota was 4500 m3·hm-2 .When the groundwater table was so biger and no any compensation ,the cotton growth totally rely on the drip irrigation ,the drip irrigation quota was 5550 m3·hm-2 .Consided the high evaporation potential in the arid area ,it will cause the soil salinity to damage crop growth ,the ground water table of 1 .5 m to 3 .0 m was the desired depth .This conclusion is not only the complementary and improvement to the conventional cotton irrigation schedule ,but also this proposed method will have the guide and reference role for management and establishing the crop consumption quota of drip irrigation under plastic film in arid area .