CAJ | 학술논문

目的：了解南昌市东湖区社区居民的健康状况及其危险因素，为制定社区居民健康维护计划及慢性病管理提供依据。方法以南昌市东湖区所辖街道、居委会为抽样单位，采用分层整群抽样方法，随机抽取了2766户家庭，共调查8554例居民，8463例有效样本人群，通过面对面询问方式调查了居民的主要健康问题，并对资料进行统计分析。结果社区居民2周患病率为10．20％，疾病谱前5位为：感冒、高血压、关节炎、糖尿病及冠心病。慢性病患病率为24．67％，慢性病疾病谱前5位为：高血压、糖尿病、冠心病、慢性胃炎及关节炎。影响因素：≥18岁吸烟率为24．41％、饮酒率为15．15％、体质量超标率为25．90％（超质量21．66％，肥胖4．24％）、经常感到紧张者30．7％、3餐不规律者5．8％、饮食口味重者33．64％和体育锻炼性质以低强度为主占70．43％。结论居民的主要健康问题是慢性病患病率较高，以高血压、糖尿病、冠心病为主。恶性肿瘤成为主要的死亡问题。控制体质量、戒烟、限酒、限盐及调节压力应作为社区卫生服务工作计划的核心，以提高社区居民的健康水平。
목적：료해남창시동호구사구거민적건강상황급기위험인소，위제정사구거민건강유호계화급만성병관리제공의거。방법이남창시동호구소할가도、거위회위추양단위，채용분층정군추양방법，수궤추취료2766호가정，공조사8554례거민，8463례유효양본인군，통과면대면순문방식조사료거민적주요건강문제，병대자료진행통계분석。결과사구거민2주환병솔위10．20％，질병보전5위위：감모、고혈압、관절염、당뇨병급관심병。만성병환병솔위24．67％，만성병질병보전5위위：고혈압、당뇨병、관심병、만성위염급관절염。영향인소：≥18세흡연솔위24．41％、음주솔위15．15％、체질량초표솔위25．90％（초질량21．66％，비반4．24％）、경상감도긴장자30．7％、3찬불규률자5．8％、음식구미중자33．64％화체육단련성질이저강도위주점70．43％。결론거민적주요건강문제시만성병환병솔교고，이고혈압、당뇨병、관심병위주。악성종류성위주요적사망문제。공제체질량、계연、한주、한염급조절압력응작위사구위생복무공작계화적핵심，이제고사구거민적건강수평。
Objective To understand the health problems of community residents and their risk factors in Donghu District of Nanchang,and to provide a basis for the formulation of health main-tenance plan and the management of chronic disease.Methods Residential streets and committees of Donghu District of Nanchang were selected as the sampling units,and 2 766 households(8 554 residents,8 463 valid samples)were selected using stratified cluster sampling method.The health problems of community residents were investigated by face-to-face interview and data were statis-tically analyzed.Results The two-week prevalence rate was 10.20% among community resi-dents.The top five diseases of the disease spectrum were:colds,hypertension,arthritis,diabetes and coronary heart disease.The prevalence rate of chronic diseases was 24.67% among communi-ty residents.The top five diseases of the disease spectrum were:hypertension,diabetes,coronary heart disease,chronic gastritis and arthritis.Influence risk of residents aged 1 8 years or older, 24.41% smoked,15.15% drank,25.90% had excessive body weight(overweight in 21.66%,obe-sity in 4.24%),30.7% often felt nervous,5.8% had irregular meals,33.64% had high-salt diet, and 70.43% mainly performed low intensity exercise.Conclusion The higher prevalence of chro-nic diseases is the major health problem among community residents,especially hypertension,dia-betes and coronary heart disease.Malignant tumors are the major problems of death.Weight con-trol,smoking cessation,alcohol restriction,salt restriction and pressure regulation should be con-sidered as the core of community health service plan to improve the health of community resi-dents.