CAJ | 학술논문

主轴的热特性是影响机床加工精度的主要因素之一,文章针对某高速高精密立式加工中心主轴首先进行三维模型构建,分析其主要热源并确定热边界条件,然后采用有限元方法进行温度场和热-结构耦合分析,得到主轴温度场和热变形分布图,最后分析了冷却液流量对主轴热特性的影响。结果表明：主轴达到热平衡时,最高温升为7.9℃,总变形量为22.6μm,且当冷却液流量为4.5L/min时,主轴热特性最佳,该结果为后续的立式加工中心主轴结构优化设计及热误差补偿奠定了基础。
주축적열특성시영향궤상가공정도적주요인소지일,문장침대모고속고정밀입식가공중심주축수선진행삼유모형구건,분석기주요열원병학정열변계조건,연후채용유한원방법진행온도장화열-결구우합분석,득도주축온도장화열변형분포도,최후분석료냉각액류량대주축열특성적영향。결과표명：주축체도열평형시,최고온승위7.9℃,총변형량위22.6μm,차당냉각액류량위4.5L/min시,주축열특성최가,해결과위후속적입식가공중심주축결구우화설계급열오차보상전정료기출。
Thermal characteristic of the spindle is one of the main factors affecting the machining accuracy. Firstly, three-dimensional model of high speed and precision vertical machining center spindle was built in this paper, and the main heat source was analyzed and the spindle thermal boundary conditions were deter-mined. Then the temperature field and the thermal structure coupling were analyzed by finite element meth-od, and the distribution maps of spindle temperature field and thermal deformation were acquired. Finally, the impact of the spindle cooling liquid to thermal characteristic was analyzed. The results showed that when the spindle reach thermal equilibrium, the highest temperature is 7. 9℃, the total deformation is 22. 6μm, and when the cooling liquid flow rate is 4. 5L/min, the spindle thermal characteristics is the best, the results are useful for structure optimization design and thermal error compensation of the vertical machining center spindle .