CAJ | 학술논문

　　为了了解青岛地区秋季为害苜蓿生产的主要杂草种类及其发生动态，作者于2012年8～10月在青岛畜牧科技示范园牧草试验基地的人工苜蓿田，采用普查与样线法相结合的方法，调查了主要杂草的发生种类及其生长动态。结果表明：在青岛地区紫花苜蓿田秋季发生的杂草种类有16种（隶属11科），多为夏季1a生和多年生杂草。出现数量较多、为害较大的杂草种类是以马唐、稗草和狗尾草为主的禾本科，以苍耳为主的菊科，以反枝苋和刺菜为主的苋科，以绿藜为主的藜科和以龙葵为主的茄科，其中优势种为禾本科。自8月开始，禾本科和藜科杂草已经开始结实，基本不再生长；其他科杂草处于苗期、营养期或花期，仍在生长。
　　위료료해청도지구추계위해목숙생산적주요잡초충류급기발생동태，작자우2012년8～10월재청도축목과기시범완목초시험기지적인공목숙전，채용보사여양선법상결합적방법，조사료주요잡초적발생충류급기생장동태。결과표명：재청도지구자화목숙전추계발생적잡초충류유16충（대속11과），다위하계1a생화다년생잡초。출현수량교다、위해교대적잡초충류시이마당、패초화구미초위주적화본과，이창이위주적국과，이반지현화자채위주적현과，이록려위주적려과화이룡규위주적가과，기중우세충위화본과。자8월개시，화본과화려과잡초이경개시결실，기본불재생장；기타과잡초처우묘기、영양기혹화기，잉재생장。
In order to understand the main weeds species which harm alfalfa production and its occurrence dynamic in autumn of Qingdao area, the species and the dynamic growth were investigated using the methods of census and sampling method of combining in the artificial alfalfa fields of forage base of Qingdao animal science and technology demonstration park from August to October of 2012.The results showed that there were 16 species of weeds in autumn (belonging to 11 families) in the artificial alfalfa fields of Qingdao area, and most of them were annual and perennial weeds in summer.The weed species with large number and higher damaged were gramineae such as Digitaria sanguinalis, Echinochloa crusgalli, Setaira viridis, compositae such as Sphaerotheca fuliginea Poll, amaranthaceae mainly with Amaranthus retroflexus and Cynara cardunculus, chenopodiaceae mainly with Chenopodium glaucum and solanaceae mainly with Solanum nigrum, the dominant species was gramineae.Since August, gramineae and chenopodiaceae weeds already had fruits, and no longer growth, other weeds at seedling stage, vegetative stagen or flowering stage, still in the growth.