CAJ | 학술논문

　　十七届三中全会通过的《中共中央关于推进农村改革发展若干重大问题的决定》开启了中国新一轮土地制度改革的帷幕。本文基于新制度经济学的视角，对中国土地制度中存在的问题、改革步骤与取向、具体工作中面临的问题进行探讨，指出：（1）新一轮土地制度改革的基础工作与主线是“确权赋能”，以奠定长期发展的产权基础；（2）近期在不改变现行征地制度框架的前提下，进一步推动区内和区间土地发展权转移的改革与实践；（3）远期以十七届三中全会《决定》和“十八大”报告的精神为指导，突破国家土地征用制度的框架，推动集体土地直接入市流转，实现国有土地与集体土地“同地、同权、同价”的改革发展目标；（4）土地制度改革是一项全局性和战略性的工作，提出了需要制定的财税和户籍等配套政策。
　　십칠계삼중전회통과적《중공중앙관우추진농촌개혁발전약간중대문제적결정》개계료중국신일륜토지제도개혁적유막。본문기우신제도경제학적시각，대중국토지제도중존재적문제、개혁보취여취향、구체공작중면림적문제진행탐토，지출：（1）신일륜토지제도개혁적기출공작여주선시“학권부능”，이전정장기발전적산권기출；（2）근기재불개변현행정지제도광가적전제하，진일보추동구내화구간토지발전권전이적개혁여실천；（3）원기이십칠계삼중전회《결정》화“십팔대”보고적정신위지도，돌파국가토지정용제도적광가，추동집체토지직접입시류전，실현국유토지여집체토지“동지、동권、동개”적개혁발전목표；（4）토지제도개혁시일항전국성화전략성적공작，제출료수요제정적재세화호적등배투정책。
The pass of “The resolution on the rural reform and development of certain major issue”on the Third Plenary Session of the seventeen Central Committee of Communist Party of China opened a new round of reform of the land system in China. Based on the perspective of new institutional economics, this paper discusses problems existing in China's land system, reform steps and orientation, specific problems in the work, pointing out: (1) The foundation work and main line in the new round of land system reform is“right empowerment”, in order to lay the property foundation for long-term development; (2) In the near future, without change of the existing land requisition system framework, it should promote reform and practice of transfer of land development rights; (3) In the long term, following the resolution, it should break through the national land requisition system framework and promote the collective land directly entering the market, achieving the goal of“the same land, the same rights and the same price”between state-owned land and collective land; (4) Land system reform is a global and strategical job, putting forward the need to develop tax, household and other supporting policies.