CAJ | 학술논문

　　目的：科学评估甲肝减毒活疫苗纳入广东省扩大免疫规划项目所产生的经济效益。方法：先采用加权平均法确定社会贴现率，再采用净现值法计算净效益和成本效益比，进行成本-效益分析最后采用逐项替代的敏感性分析方法定量评估参数变化对净效益和成本效益比的影响。结果：广东省2010年将甲肝减毒活疫苗纳入免疫规划，投入成本4155.56万元，可以减少甲肝病例72417人，即每投入573.84元，就可以减少1例甲肝病例。在疫苗保护期内，社会贴现率为3.38%，累计产生净效益约2.92亿元，效益成本比为8.02∶1。敏感性分析结果显示所有参数在最小值与最大值之间变动后，净效益在0.94～14.62亿元之间变动，效益成本比在3.27～36.18之间变动。结论：甲肝减毒活疫苗纳入广东省扩大免疫规划项目这一公共卫生项目具有稳健的经济效益和较高的投资回报，实现了政府资源的有效配置。
　　목적：과학평고갑간감독활역묘납입광동성확대면역규화항목소산생적경제효익。방법：선채용가권평균법학정사회첩현솔，재채용정현치법계산정효익화성본효익비，진행성본-효익분석최후채용축항체대적민감성분석방법정량평고삼수변화대정효익화성본효익비적영향。결과：광동성2010년장갑간감독활역묘납입면역규화，투입성본4155.56만원，가이감소갑간병례72417인，즉매투입573.84원，취가이감소1례갑간병례。재역묘보호기내，사회첩현솔위3.38%，루계산생정효익약2.92억원，효익성본비위8.02∶1。민감성분석결과현시소유삼수재최소치여최대치지간변동후，정효익재0.94～14.62억원지간변동，효익성본비재3.27～36.18지간변동。결론：갑간감독활역묘납입광동성확대면역규화항목저일공공위생항목구유은건적경제효익화교고적투자회보，실현료정부자원적유효배치。
Objective:To evaluate the economic benefit of the expanding immunization project by bringing the attenuated hepatitis A vaccine into Guangdong Province. Methods:Use weighted average method to ensure the discount rate, and use net present value method to calculate net benefit ( NB) and benefit-cost ratio ( BCR) , then the impact of parameter change on NB and BCR was applied by sensitivity analysis method for each alternative quantitative assessment. Results: In 2010, an investment of RMB 4 155 560 000 on bringing attenuated hepatitis A vaccine into the expanded program on immunization of Guangdong Province, it could reduce 72 417 cases of hepatitis A, which means RMB 573.84 per input can reduce 1 case of hepatitis A. During the protecting period of vaccine, the social discount rate was 3.38%, and the net economic benefit was about RMB 292 million produced by the program and the BCR was 8.02:1. The result of sensitivity analysis shows NB change between RMB 94 million and 1.462 billion and BCR changes between RMB 327 milion and 3.618 billion while all parameter varies between the maximum and the minimum. Conclusion: Bringing attenuated hepatitis A vaccine into Guangdong Province has brought healthy economic benefits and a higher investment return which achieves the effective allocation of government resources.