CAJ | 학술논문

农业最佳管理措施（BMPs）是为了减少由农业活动引起的非点源污染，防止污染物进入受纳水体的一系列措施。分布式水文模型是流域非点源污染模拟和BMPs评估的重要工具。利用分布式水文模型评估BMPs在水土保持、拦沙减污的有效性，首先要在模型中对BMPs进行刻画和表达。但是，在全分布式水文模型中，如何进行BMPs表达的研究比较缺乏。本文以黄土高原丘陵沟壑区典型小流域罗玉沟流域为例，基于一个全分布式模型，SEIM（Spatially Explicit Integrated Modeling）模型，逐步介绍如何在该模型中进行BMPs的表达，以及评估它们的水文响应。罗玉沟流域面积约为73 km2，流域内侵蚀严重，其中暴雨侵蚀占年平均输沙量的60％以上。本研究选择了3种BMPs，分别是退耕还林、梯田和免耕耕作，并在模型中对这些管理措施进行表达。措施表达的方法是通过修改该措施所在地块的主要物理参数，以此来描述其对流域水文过程的影响。通过在一个暴雨事件的情景模拟，结果表明梯田的减沙效益较高，最大到达97.3%，免耕措施的平均减沙率最小，约为9.5%，退耕还林的平均减沙率介于这两者之间，为75.6%。
농업최가관리조시（BMPs）시위료감소유농업활동인기적비점원오염，방지오염물진입수납수체적일계렬조시。분포식수문모형시류역비점원오염모의화BMPs평고적중요공구。이용분포식수문모형평고BMPs재수토보지、란사감오적유효성，수선요재모형중대BMPs진행각화화표체。단시，재전분포식수문모형중，여하진행BMPs표체적연구비교결핍。본문이황토고원구릉구학구전형소류역라옥구류역위례，기우일개전분포식모형，SEIM（Spatially Explicit Integrated Modeling）모형，축보개소여하재해모형중진행BMPs적표체，이급평고타문적수문향응。라옥구류역면적약위73 km2，류역내침식엄중，기중폭우침식점년평균수사량적60％이상。본연구선택료3충BMPs，분별시퇴경환림、제전화면경경작，병재모형중대저사관리조시진행표체。조시표체적방법시통과수개해조시소재지괴적주요물리삼수，이차래묘술기대류역수문과정적영향。통과재일개폭우사건적정경모의，결과표명제전적감사효익교고，최대도체97.3%，면경조시적평균감사솔최소，약위9.5%，퇴경환림적평균감사솔개우저량자지간，위75.6%。
Agricultural Best Management Practices (BMPs) are effective ways to reduce agricultural nonpoint source pol ution from their source area to receiving water bodies. Characterization of BMPs in a watershed model is a critical prerequisite for evaluating their impacts on water quantity and water quality in a complex system. However, limited research has reported about the representation of BMPs in fully distributed models. This paper presents a stepwise procedure for representation of several BMPs and assessment of their hydrologic impacts with a ful y distributed model, SEIM (Spatially Explicit Integrated Modeling). A case study is conducted in the 73 km2 Luoyugou watershed located in the Loess Plateau of China, where rainstorm erosion accounts for more than 60%of annual sediment load in average. Three BMPs are selected in this study including (i) conversion from farmland to forest, (i ) terrace, and (i i) no-til farming. These management practices are represented in the model through the alteration of model parameters characterizing their physical processes in the ifeld. The results of scenario assessment for a historical storm event showed that the maximum sediment reduction after terrace is about 97.3%, the average sediment reduction after no-till farming is about 9.5%, and the average sediment reduction after conversion from farmland to forest is 75.6%.