CAJ | 학술논문

赤眼蜂寄生于多种鳞翅目害虫的卵内，是重要的寄生性天敌昆虫，又是农药登记环境评价的重要靶标生物。为明确阿维菌素等药剂及其混配制剂对赤眼蜂的毒性，采用管测药膜法测定了阿维菌素等药剂及其混配制剂对玉米螟赤眼蜂的毒性，并进行安全性评价。结果表明阿维菌素等单剂中，15%虫螨腈水乳剂和98%噻虫嗪原药对玉米螟赤眼蜂毒性较高，LR50分别是1.30×10-7和8.90×10-6 mg/cm2，为极高风险性药剂；5%阿维菌素乳油和95.8%吡虫啉原药对玉米螟赤眼蜂的 LR50分别为2.00×10-5和2.91×10-5 mg/cm2，为高风险性药剂；98.1%哒螨灵原药和92%吡蚜酮原药对玉米螟赤眼蜂的LR50分别是1.71×10-2和2.43×10-2 mg/cm2，毒性较低，为低风险性药剂。12%阿维菌素·噻虫嗪悬浮剂、36%阿维菌素·吡虫啉水分散粒剂和12%阿维菌素·虫螨腈水乳剂对玉米螟赤眼蜂的 LR50分别为2.26×10-7、3.64×10-6和8.57×10-6 mg/cm2，毒性较高，均为极高风险性药剂；18%阿维菌素·吡蚜酮悬浮剂和6%阿维菌素·哒螨灵乳油的 LR50分别为6.23×10-5和2.49×10-4 mg/cm2，风险性等级较低，安全性高。阿维菌素混配制剂对玉米螟赤眼蜂的毒性，不仅与混剂中的另一单剂的毒性大小有关，还与混剂中阿维菌素的含量有关。因此，在大田释放赤眼蜂防治玉米螟、棉铃虫等害虫时，应避免高风险药剂的使用，以避免对赤眼蜂的伤害。
적안봉기생우다충린시목해충적란내，시중요적기생성천활곤충，우시농약등기배경평개적중요파표생물。위명학아유균소등약제급기혼배제제대적안봉적독성，채용관측약막법측정료아유균소등약제급기혼배제제대옥미명적안봉적독성，병진행안전성평개。결과표명아유균소등단제중，15%충만정수유제화98%새충진원약대옥미명적안봉독성교고，LR50분별시1.30×10-7화8.90×10-6 mg/cm2，위겁고풍험성약제；5%아유균소유유화95.8%필충람원약대옥미명적안봉적 LR50분별위2.00×10-5화2.91×10-5 mg/cm2，위고풍험성약제；98.1%달만령원약화92%필아동원약대옥미명적안봉적LR50분별시1.71×10-2화2.43×10-2 mg/cm2，독성교저，위저풍험성약제。12%아유균소·새충진현부제、36%아유균소·필충람수분산립제화12%아유균소·충만정수유제대옥미명적안봉적 LR50분별위2.26×10-7、3.64×10-6화8.57×10-6 mg/cm2，독성교고，균위겁고풍험성약제；18%아유균소·필아동현부제화6%아유균소·달만령유유적 LR50분별위6.23×10-5화2.49×10-4 mg/cm2，풍험성등급교저，안전성고。아유균소혼배제제대옥미명적안봉적독성，불부여혼제중적령일단제적독성대소유관，환여혼제중아유균소적함량유관。인차，재대전석방적안봉방치옥미명、면령충등해충시，응피면고풍험약제적사용，이피면대적안봉적상해。
Trichogramma spp. are important egg parasitoids and target organisms in pesticide registration or environmental assessment. Toxicity of abamectin and its mixtures on Trichogramma ostriniae Pang et Chen adults were determined using the dry film residue method. Among the tested pesticides, chlorfenapyr and thiamethoxam showed the highest toxicity to T. ostriniae, with LR50 values of 1.30×10-7 and 8.90×10-6 mg/cm2, respectively. Abamectin and imidacloprid had higher toxicity to T. ostriniae, with LR50 values of 2.00×10-5 and 2.91×10-5 mg/cm2, respectively. Pyridaben and pymetrozine showed less toxicity to T. ostriniae, with LR50 values of 1.71×10-2 and 2.43×10-2 mg/cm2. Among the mixtures, abamectin·thiamethoxam had the highest toxicty to T. ostriniae, with LR50 of 2.26×10-7 mg/cm2. Abamectin·thiamethoxam and abamectin·chlorfenapyr also had high toxicity to T. ostriniae, with LR50 values of 3.64×10-6 and 8.57×10-6 mg/cm2, respectively. These abamectin mixtures were extremely high risky pesticides to T. ostriniae, LR50 values of abamectin·pymetrozine and abamectin·pyridaben were 6.23×10-5 and 2.49×10-4 mg/cm2, respectively, which were less toxicity to T. ostriniae. The toxicities of the abamectin mixtures depended not only on the other pesticides but also the contencentration of abamectin. Thus, pesticides with high toxicity to T. ostriniae should be avoided during release of the wasp for control of Ostrinia nubilalis and Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner).