CAJ | 학술논문

全球变化和森林演替可以导致森林地表凋落物数量和质量的变化，从而对森林地表 CO2通量产生影响。本实验对亚热带不同演替阶段的3种，即马尾松林（前期）、混交林（中期）和季风林（后期）进行地表凋落物去除、加倍与置换处理，利用静态箱气相色谱法测定地表CO2通量，并同步测定气温、土壤温度和湿度，分析凋落物质量和数量变化对森林地表CO2通量的影响及其调控机理。结果表明，（1）去除凋落物处理显著降低了不同演替阶段的3种森林地表CO2通量，而加倍凋落物处理可以增加森林地表CO2通量，但不同演替阶段增加的幅度不同，依次为：季风林＞马尾松林＞混交林。（2）置换凋落物对不同演替阶段的森林地表 CO2通量的影响不同，在演替后期的季风林中，置换混交林和马尾松林凋落物处理均增加地表CO2通量；在演替中期的混交林中，置换季风林和马尾松林凋落物均降低地表CO2通量。在演替前期的马尾松林中，置换季风林凋落物增加地表CO2通量，而置换混交林凋落物降低了地表CO2通量（3）结合测定的土壤温度和水分数据分析得出，凋落物处理引起森林地表 CO2通量的变化是通过处理凋落物质量和数量后改变森林地表水热条件来实现的。（4）3个林型的各种处理，地表 CO2通量与土壤温度均呈显著的指数相关关系，但不同处理不同地改变了森林地表土壤 CO2通量对温度的敏感性，即Q10值。
전구변화화삼림연체가이도치삼임지표조락물수량화질량적변화，종이대삼임지표 CO2통양산생영향。본실험대아열대불동연체계단적3충，즉마미송림（전기）、혼교림（중기）화계풍림（후기）진행지표조락물거제、가배여치환처리，이용정태상기상색보법측정지표CO2통량，병동보측정기온、토양온도화습도，분석조락물질량화수량변화대삼임지표CO2통량적영향급기조공궤리。결과표명，（1）거제조락물처리현저강저료불동연체계단적3충삼임지표CO2통량，이가배조락물처리가이증가삼임지표CO2통량，단불동연체계단증가적폭도불동，의차위：계풍림＞마미송림＞혼교림。（2）치환조락물대불동연체계단적삼임지표 CO2통량적영향불동，재연체후기적계풍림중，치환혼교림화마미송림조락물처리균증가지표CO2통량；재연체중기적혼교림중，치환계풍림화마미송림조락물균강저지표CO2통량。재연체전기적마미송림중，치환계풍림조락물증가지표CO2통량，이치환혼교림조락물강저료지표CO2통량（3）결합측정적토양온도화수분수거분석득출，조락물처리인기삼임지표 CO2통량적변화시통과처리조락물질량화수량후개변삼임지표수열조건래실현적。（4）3개림형적각충처리，지표 CO2통량여토양온도균정현저적지수상관관계，단불동처리불동지개변료삼임지표토양 CO2통량대온도적민감성，즉Q10치。
Global change and forest succession are likely to change litter input to forest soils, including litter quality and litter amount, but the effects of such changes on CO2 emission at forest floor still remain largely unknown. We initiated a manipulated experiment of litter in three successional subtropical forest (Masson pine forest (early stage), mixed forest (interim stage) and monsoon forest (advanced stage) in Dinghushan Nature Reserve. 5 replicates of litter remove, litter double, litter replacement (e.g., litter from mixed forest and monsoon forest take the place of original litter in Masson pine forest), and control treatments were established in each forest type. CO2 emission at forest floor was measured using static chamber and gas chromatography techniques and air temperature, soil temperature and moisture were determined during the study period. We found that:(1) Litter remove decreased CO2 emission at forest floor in each of three successional forests, while litter double increased CO2 emission at forest floor in each of three successional forests. (2)The response of CO2 emission at forest floor to litter replacement was very different in the three forests. Litter replacement from Masson pine forest or mixed forest in monsoon forest increased CO2 emission at forest floor. Litter replacement from Masson pine forest or monsoon forest in mixed forest decreased CO2 emission at forest floor. Litter replacement from monsoon forest in Masson pine forest increased CO2 emission at forest floor. Litter replacement from mixed forest in Masson pine forest decreased CO2 emission at forest floor. (e)Both litter quality and amount affected CO2 emission at forest floor through the changes of soil temperature and moisture. (4) CO2 emission at forest floor increase exponentially with soil temperature under all treatments in each forest. Different treatments can alter differently the sensitivity of CO2 emission at forest floor to soil temperature.