环境科学导刊
環境科學導刊
배경과학도간
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE SURVEY
2014年
4期
32-37
,共6页
沈琰%雷正翠%杨卫芬%宋大伟
瀋琰%雷正翠%楊衛芬%宋大偉
침염%뢰정취%양위분%송대위
霾%特征%气象要素%影响因子%分析%常州
霾%特徵%氣象要素%影響因子%分析%常州
매%특정%기상요소%영향인자%분석%상주
haze%characteristics%meteorological factor%Changzhou
基于常州市气象观测站2001-2013年的气象资料和大气自动站2009-2013年的监测数据,对常州市霾天气的变化特征、成因及其影响因子进行了初步分析。结果表明:2001-2013年,霾日数在全年及四季都呈现逐渐增多的年际变化特征,其中在2001-2008年,霾日数的趋势平稳且窄幅波动,但2009-2013年,霾日数急剧增加。季节变化上表现出夏季少、冬季多的分布特征。霾天气多发生在午后,11时出现的次数最多。常州霾天气持续日数不断增加,2013年连续霾日最长是16 d。常州霾典型天气形势为受冷高压或变性冷高压控制之下和处于入海高压后部或底部。常州霾天气受气象因子的影响,在静风、偏东风、50%~60%的相对湿度、逆温、降水偏少和大气湍流不利气象扩撒条件下都易形成霾。
基于常州市氣象觀測站2001-2013年的氣象資料和大氣自動站2009-2013年的鑑測數據,對常州市霾天氣的變化特徵、成因及其影響因子進行瞭初步分析。結果錶明:2001-2013年,霾日數在全年及四季都呈現逐漸增多的年際變化特徵,其中在2001-2008年,霾日數的趨勢平穩且窄幅波動,但2009-2013年,霾日數急劇增加。季節變化上錶現齣夏季少、鼕季多的分佈特徵。霾天氣多髮生在午後,11時齣現的次數最多。常州霾天氣持續日數不斷增加,2013年連續霾日最長是16 d。常州霾典型天氣形勢為受冷高壓或變性冷高壓控製之下和處于入海高壓後部或底部。常州霾天氣受氣象因子的影響,在靜風、偏東風、50%~60%的相對濕度、逆溫、降水偏少和大氣湍流不利氣象擴撒條件下都易形成霾。
기우상주시기상관측참2001-2013년적기상자료화대기자동참2009-2013년적감측수거,대상주시매천기적변화특정、성인급기영향인자진행료초보분석。결과표명:2001-2013년,매일수재전년급사계도정현축점증다적년제변화특정,기중재2001-2008년,매일수적추세평은차착폭파동,단2009-2013년,매일수급극증가。계절변화상표현출하계소、동계다적분포특정。매천기다발생재오후,11시출현적차수최다。상주매천기지속일수불단증가,2013년련속매일최장시16 d。상주매전형천기형세위수랭고압혹변성랭고압공제지하화처우입해고압후부혹저부。상주매천기수기상인자적영향,재정풍、편동풍、50%~60%적상대습도、역온、강수편소화대기단류불리기상확살조건하도역형성매。
The variation trend of haze and factors causing haze in Changzhou were analyzed based on meteorological observations obtained from Changzhou Meteorological Station (2001 -201 3 )and atmospheric monitoring stations (2009-201 3 ).The frequency of occurrence of haze had the following trends that the number of haze days in-creased gradually from 2001 to 201 3 .The number of haze days showed a slight rise from 2001 to 2009 .However, it increased sharply from 2009 to 201 3.Meanwhile,winter had more haze days than summer.Haze often occurred at noon with the highest frequency of occurrence around 1 1 o ’ clock in the morning.The number of continuous haze days has increased in Changzhou in recent years.The longest continuous haze days were 1 6 days in 201 3 .The typical weather conditions causing haze were the cold high-pressure or degeneration of the cold high pressure un-der control and in the rear or bottom pressure in Changzhou.The meteorological factors result in the occurrence of haze.Normally,haze often occurs with no wind or east wind,the relative humidity between 50%and 60%,inver-sion,less precipitation,and bad meteorological conditions for dispersal of pollutants.