CAJ | 학술논문

流速分布规律的研究是揭示水流流动特性的关键，含沙量分布规律的定量描述是研究悬移质运动的基础。鉴于同室内水槽试验资料相近的经典公式，同天然河流实测资料存在较大差距，本文在回顾前人研究成果的基础上，首先以涡量传递及动量传递理论为基础，对涡团模式建立的掺长积分取平均值后，求解恒定二维均匀紊流时均运动方程，得出了紊流流速垂线分布公式。然后，运用所得流速公式确定悬移质扩散系数，求解平衡情况下的扩散方程，得出了悬移质含沙量垂线分布公式。实测资料检验结果表明，本文建立的公式能较好描述天然河流流速及含沙量垂线分布规律，且克服了前人经典公式的理论缺陷。
류속분포규률적연구시게시수류류동특성적관건，함사량분포규률적정량묘술시연구현이질운동적기출。감우동실내수조시험자료상근적경전공식，동천연하류실측자료존재교대차거，본문재회고전인연구성과적기출상，수선이와량전체급동량전체이론위기출，대와단모식건립적참장적분취평균치후，구해항정이유균균문류시균운동방정，득출료문류류속수선분포공식。연후，운용소득류속공식학정현이질확산계수，구해평형정황하적확산방정，득출료현이질함사량수선분포공식。실측자료검험결과표명，본문건립적공식능교호묘술천연하류류속급함사량수선분포규률，차극복료전인경전공식적이론결함。
Research on velocity distribution is the key to reveal the characteristics of the water flow, and a quantitative description of sediment concentration distribution is the basis for studying suspended sediment movement. Since the classic formulas obtained by current flume test data have a big gap comparing with the measured data from natural rivers,in this paper,based on the review of previous research and the vor-ticity and momentum transfer theory, a formula for vertical velocity distribution in turbulent flow has been deduced by solving the mean motion equations of two-dimensional steady and homogeneous turbulence with the average of integrated mixing length on the eddy model. Using the formula to determine the diffusion co-efficient of suspended sediment and to solve the diffusion equation under equilibrium conditions, and then a formula has been obtained for the vertical distribution of suspended sediment. The test results by ob-served data show that the two formulas established in this paper can better describe the natural river flow and vertical distribution law of sediment concentration, which overcome the deficiencies of previous classic formulas.