CAJ | 학술논문

阶梯-深潭系统能稳定河床、控制下切以及减小山洪泥石流灾害，其原因在于能高效消耗水流能量。通过野外实验，研究了不同流量下消能率变化规律，分析了水流沿阶梯-深潭能量转化过程，探讨了阶梯-深潭中能量的消耗机理。实验工况下（单宽流量5~210 L/s）阶梯-深潭具有很高的消能率（64%~91%），按部位其消能可分为阶梯消能和深潭消能，推导得到的消能率计算公式计算值和实测数据符合较好。在不同流量下阶梯消能方式因水流形态的改变有所不同，深潭消能可分为3个区域：水跃主流区、主流区两侧的两个大尺度漩涡区和主流区与周围区域交界的区域，它们的消能方式各有不同。当流量较小时，阶梯-深潭系统消能主要由阶梯段完成。流量增加后，阶梯段消能所占比例减小，深潭消能作用增强。
계제-심담계통능은정하상、공제하절이급감소산홍니석류재해，기원인재우능고효소모수류능량。통과야외실험，연구료불동류량하소능솔변화규률，분석료수류연계제-심담능량전화과정，탐토료계제-심담중능량적소모궤리。실험공황하（단관류량5~210 L/s）계제-심담구유흔고적소능솔（64%~91%），안부위기소능가분위계제소능화심담소능，추도득도적소능솔계산공식계산치화실측수거부합교호。재불동류량하계제소능방식인수류형태적개변유소불동，심담소능가분위3개구역：수약주류구、주류구량측적량개대척도선와구화주류구여주위구역교계적구역，타문적소능방식각유불동。당류량교소시，계제-심담계통소능주요유계제단완성。류량증가후，계제단소능소점비례감소，심담소능작용증강。
Step-pool system dissipates energy efficiently, therefore it could stabilize riverbed, control chan-nel incision and reduce mountainous natural disasters (e.g. landslide and debris flow). The energy dissipa-tion ratio under 6 experiment conditions (5~210 L/s) was studied through field experiment. A formula for calculation of energy dissipation ratio was deduced based on the research achievements of predecessors on the stepped spillway, plunge pool and hydraulic jump, the calculated values of the formula were accorded with the measuring values well. The total energy dissipation zone was divided with step dissipation zone and pool dissipation zone. The step dissipation ratio varied rapidly with flow regime changing. The pool dis-sipation zone could be divided into three parts:hydraulic jump region, whirlpool region and the boundary section of the former two regions. The step played a more important role in energy dissipation under small discharge than the pool. As the discharge increased, the pool dissipated more energy than the step, and the step-pool system maintained high energy dissipation ratio in high discharge.