CAJ | 학술논문

　　目的分析2012年湖北省霍乱流行的病原学特征，应用脉冲场凝胶电泳分析各疫情菌株之间的遗传相关性，查找霍乱传染来源，为制定防治措施提供依据。方法对35株霍乱弧菌菌株进行常规生化鉴定和毒素基因检验，以及药敏试验，采用脉冲场凝胶电泳（ PFGE）技术获得电泳酶切指纹图谱并对图谱进行聚类分析。结果35株霍乱弧菌经检验均为霍乱 O139群，产毒株占71．42％，霍乱弧菌耐药结果显示四环素、复方新诺明、利福平耐药率分别为57．14％、88．57％、80．00％。 PFGE电泳图谱条带总相似率为80％～100％，具有一定的同源性。三起疫情中相同地区的大部分菌株都聚为一类，同源性为100％，提示为相同菌株感染所致；仅来源于荆州地区甲鱼中分离的菌株单独为一类与其他菌株不同。结论2012年湖北省霍乱弧菌的优势菌株为O139群，大部分产毒。药敏结果显示，菌株对四环素、复方新诺明、利福平大部分耐药；对亚胺培南、头孢曲松高度敏感；疫情中相同地区的大部分菌株聚为一类属于同一来源，不同地区的菌株有一定的变异，几起疫情暴发均与聚餐有关，所以注意食物卫生，从甲鱼中分离的菌株不产毒，提示甲鱼可能并不是疫情的主要毒株来源，应密切关注海、水产品的监测情况。
　　목적분석2012년호북성곽란류행적병원학특정，응용맥충장응효전영분석각역정균주지간적유전상관성，사조곽란전염래원，위제정방치조시제공의거。방법대35주곽란호균균주진행상규생화감정화독소기인검험，이급약민시험，채용맥충장응효전영（ PFGE）기술획득전영매절지문도보병대도보진행취류분석。결과35주곽란호균경검험균위곽란 O139군，산독주점71．42％，곽란호균내약결과현시사배소、복방신낙명、리복평내약솔분별위57．14％、88．57％、80．00％。 PFGE전영도보조대총상사솔위80％～100％，구유일정적동원성。삼기역정중상동지구적대부분균주도취위일류，동원성위100％，제시위상동균주감염소치；부래원우형주지구갑어중분리적균주단독위일류여기타균주불동。결론2012년호북성곽란호균적우세균주위O139군，대부분산독。약민결과현시，균주대사배소、복방신낙명、리복평대부분내약；대아알배남、두포곡송고도민감；역정중상동지구적대부분균주취위일류속우동일래원，불동지구적균주유일정적변이，궤기역정폭발균여취찬유관，소이주의식물위생，종갑어중분리적균주불산독，제시갑어가능병불시역정적주요독주래원，응밀절관주해、수산품적감측정황。
Objective To investigate the pathogenic characteristics of Vibrio cholera strains isola-ted from Hubei province in 2012 , and to identify the source of infection by analyzing their genetic correla-tions.Methods The biochemical identification , toxin gene detection and drug susceptibility test were car-ried out to analyze a total of 35 Vibrio cholera strains isolated from three epidemic areas .Comparison of ge-nomic DNA fingerprints and cluster analysis among isolates of Vibrio cholera was conducted by using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis ( PFGE ) .Results All of the 35 strains were Vibrio cholera O139 , of which 71.42%were toxic strains.The drug resistance rates of Vibrio cholera strains to tetracycline, cotrimoxazole and rifampincin were 57.14%, 88.57%and 80.00%, respectively.Analysis of genomic DNA fingerprints of the isolates showed highly similar with similarity values ranging from 80%-100%.Most of the strains iso-lated from the same epidemic area fell into the same one cluster with 100% homology in genome Only a strain isolated from turtle in Jingzhou area was belong to a different cluster .Conclusion The Vibrio cholera O139 strains were the dominant strains causing the outbreaks of cholera in Hubei province in 2012 .Most of them were toxigenic strains .A large majority of the strains had developed resistance to tetracycline , cotri-moxazole and rifampincin , but all strains showed high susceptibility to ceftriaxone and imipenem .Vibrio cholera strains isolated from the same epidemic area were mainly belonged to the same one cluster , sugges-ting the same source of infection .However, the strains varied among different epidemic area .Follow-up in-vestigations of three outbreaks of cholera in this study were all associated with food infection .Therefore , more attention should be paid to food sanitation and safety measurement .Although a non-toxigenic strain iso-lated from turtle was not associated with the epidemic of cholera , surveillance for seafood and aquatic prod-ucts would still be necessary .