化工学报
化工學報
화공학보
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL INDUSY AND ENGINEERING (CHINA)
2014年
6期
2363-2371
,共9页
马鸿文%苏双青%杨静%蔡比亚%刘梅堂%姚文贵%彭辉
馬鴻文%囌雙青%楊靜%蔡比亞%劉梅堂%姚文貴%彭輝
마홍문%소쌍청%양정%채비아%류매당%요문귀%팽휘
富钾正长岩%水热%化学反应%硫酸钾%硅灰石%高岭土%绿色加工
富鉀正長巖%水熱%化學反應%硫痠鉀%硅灰石%高嶺土%綠色加工
부갑정장암%수열%화학반응%류산갑%규회석%고령토%록색가공
potassic syenite%hydrothermal%chemical reaction%potassium sulfate%wollastonite%kaolin%green processing
针对东秦岭-大别地区富钾正长岩资源的高效清洁利用技术难题,以代表性产地的钾长石粉体为原料,研究了在 KOH-H2O 介质中钾长石的水热稳定性、水热碱法制取硫酸钾的反应原理,以及硅铝组分资源化利用关键技术。结果表明,钾长石在KOH碱液作用下极易脱去2/3的SiO2而转变为钾霞石相,使K2O富集约1倍;继而以硫酸溶解,可得近于纯净的硫酸钾近饱和溶液;经蒸发结晶或醇析法,即可制成农用硫酸钾优等品。脱硅碱液与石灰乳反应所得水合硅酸钙沉淀,经水热晶化及煅烧,产物为针状硅灰石。剩余铝硅尾渣经纯化处理和煅烧,即制成煅烧高岭土。整个工艺过程简捷高效,K2O回收率达94.0%以上,可实现资源利用率最大化,一次性资源消耗量最小化,且环境相容性良好。
針對東秦嶺-大彆地區富鉀正長巖資源的高效清潔利用技術難題,以代錶性產地的鉀長石粉體為原料,研究瞭在 KOH-H2O 介質中鉀長石的水熱穩定性、水熱堿法製取硫痠鉀的反應原理,以及硅鋁組分資源化利用關鍵技術。結果錶明,鉀長石在KOH堿液作用下極易脫去2/3的SiO2而轉變為鉀霞石相,使K2O富集約1倍;繼而以硫痠溶解,可得近于純淨的硫痠鉀近飽和溶液;經蒸髮結晶或醇析法,即可製成農用硫痠鉀優等品。脫硅堿液與石灰乳反應所得水閤硅痠鈣沉澱,經水熱晶化及煅燒,產物為針狀硅灰石。剩餘鋁硅尾渣經純化處理和煅燒,即製成煅燒高嶺土。整箇工藝過程簡捷高效,K2O迴收率達94.0%以上,可實現資源利用率最大化,一次性資源消耗量最小化,且環境相容性良好。
침대동진령-대별지구부갑정장암자원적고효청길이용기술난제,이대표성산지적갑장석분체위원료,연구료재 KOH-H2O 개질중갑장석적수열은정성、수열감법제취류산갑적반응원리,이급규려조분자원화이용관건기술。결과표명,갑장석재KOH감액작용하겁역탈거2/3적SiO2이전변위갑하석상,사K2O부집약1배;계이이류산용해,가득근우순정적류산갑근포화용액;경증발결정혹순석법,즉가제성농용류산갑우등품。탈규감액여석회유반응소득수합규산개침정,경수열정화급단소,산물위침상규회석。잉여려규미사경순화처리화단소,즉제성단소고령토。정개공예과정간첩고효,K2O회수솔체94.0%이상,가실현자원이용솔최대화,일차성자원소모량최소화,차배경상용성량호。
To develop an efficient and clean technique for comprehensively utilizing potassic syenite resources exposed in the Eastern Qinling to Dabie area of China, a series of experiments were performed using a typical K-feldspar powder as raw material, with focus on the hydrothermal stability of microcline in KOH-H2O solution, reaction principle of preparing potassium sulfate, as well as processing by-products from alumina and silica residue. Microcline was easily transformed into kalsilite by dislodging 2/3 SiO2 of the K-feldspar in the solution, resulting in nearly hundred percent higher concentration of K2O in the solid product, from which nearly pure solution of potassium sulfate was then obtained by dissolution with sulfuric acid, and further potassium sulfate was crystallized by evaporation of the solution or by the alcohol precipitation method. The alkaline solution of mainly potassium silicate reacted with lime milk to precipitate calcium silicate hydrate, from which needle-shaped wollastonite powder was synthesized hydrothermally, and then by calcination. The alumina and silica residue were used to make calcined kaolin first by acidic washing, and then by calcination. The whole procedure developed in this research was simple and economical, with recovery ratio of K2O up to 94.0%. In such a way, the components of K2O, Al2O3, and SiO2 in K-feldspar of the ores were wholly transformed to valuable products, giving rise to maximum utilization of K-feldspar resources, and also minimum consumption of relevant mineral resources. The technique is noted for energy conservation, high efficiency and clean production.