人民黄河
人民黃河
인민황하
Yellow River
2014年
10期
48-51
,共4页
堰塞体%水槽试验%溃决过程%颗粒级配%不均匀系数
堰塞體%水槽試驗%潰決過程%顆粒級配%不均勻繫數
언새체%수조시험%궤결과정%과립급배%불균균계수
barrier dam%flume experiment%breaching process%particle distribution%Cu
汶川震区泥石流沟道内存在大量地震诱发堰塞坝，溃决后极易形成泥石流，为研究其溃决特征和机理，通过松散堆积堰塞体的临界溃决试验，研究了在不同颗粒级配条件下，堰塞体溃决的临界溃决流量以及堰塞体溃决后的流量，得出：①堰塞体的临界溃决流量随颗粒中值粒径的增大而增大，在相同颗粒中值粒径条件下，临界溃决流量随颗粒的不均匀系数Cu的增大而减小，Cu>50则临界溃决流量趋于固定值；②在上游来水流量较小时，增大来水流量后，下泄洪峰流量略有增加，堰塞体溃决产生的流量占洪峰流量比重较大，而来水流量较小，对溃决后洪峰流量的贡献也较小。
汶川震區泥石流溝道內存在大量地震誘髮堰塞壩，潰決後極易形成泥石流，為研究其潰決特徵和機理，通過鬆散堆積堰塞體的臨界潰決試驗，研究瞭在不同顆粒級配條件下，堰塞體潰決的臨界潰決流量以及堰塞體潰決後的流量，得齣：①堰塞體的臨界潰決流量隨顆粒中值粒徑的增大而增大，在相同顆粒中值粒徑條件下，臨界潰決流量隨顆粒的不均勻繫數Cu的增大而減小，Cu>50則臨界潰決流量趨于固定值；②在上遊來水流量較小時，增大來水流量後，下洩洪峰流量略有增加，堰塞體潰決產生的流量佔洪峰流量比重較大，而來水流量較小，對潰決後洪峰流量的貢獻也較小。
문천진구니석류구도내존재대량지진유발언새패，궤결후겁역형성니석류，위연구기궤결특정화궤리，통과송산퇴적언새체적림계궤결시험，연구료재불동과립급배조건하，언새체궤결적림계궤결류량이급언새체궤결후적류량，득출：①언새체적림계궤결류량수과립중치립경적증대이증대，재상동과립중치립경조건하，림계궤결류량수과립적불균균계수Cu적증대이감소，Cu>50칙림계궤결류량추우고정치；②재상유래수류량교소시，증대래수류량후，하설홍봉류량략유증가，언새체궤결산생적류량점홍봉류량비중교대，이래수류량교소，대궤결후홍봉류량적공헌야교소。
A large number of dams are induced by the earthquake in the debris flow gully within the earthquake area during the Wenchuan earth-quake. These dams will be broken by flood and form debris flows easily. It is very important to studied the critical condition of dam-break. This pa-per studied on the critical discharge of dam-break of different particle distribution,and the discharge of downstream of dam by the experiments of critical broken of no compactness dam. The main results are as follows:a)The critical discharge increases with the increasing of the middle grain size of particle D50;When the D50 is the same,the critical discharge decreases with the increasing of asymmetrical coefficient Cu ,and the critical discharge is a constant when Cu > 50. These results are obtained from the experiments of without broken mouth;b)In the upstream flow is only reservoir water outburst after the flow of small number of cases,burst after the peak flow is mainly composed of reservoir water decision.
