CAJ | 학술논문

目的：调查广州市社区围绝经期女性抑郁症状发生情况，并探讨其影响因素，为制定针对性的社区干预策略和措施提供依据。方法采用随机与整群抽样相结合的方法，以广州某城区和市郊两社区为流调现场，抽取40～55岁721例围绝经期女性为研究对象，其中市区368人，郊区各353人，采用自评抑郁量表（SDS）、生活事件量表（LES）、社会支持评定量表（SSRS）、应对方式问卷（ CSQ）和一般社会人口学调查表（ SDQ）进行调查和评价，运用多元逐步回归分析的方法，探讨影响其抑郁水平的保护因素和危险因素。结果抑郁症状发生率为8．04％，46～50岁组发生率（12．35％）显著高于40～45岁组（6．22％）和51～55岁组（5．49％，χ2＝9．2552，P＜0．01）；城市社区抑郁症状发生率（10．33％）显著高于郊区社区（5．67％，χ2＝5．2902，P＜0．05）；负性事件刺激量和自责是抑郁症状发生的危险因素，对支持利用度则是其保护因素；生活事件、社会支持和应对方式均与自评抑郁量表评分存在正性或负性显著性相关，各因子间也存在一些显著性相关。结论围绝经期抑郁的发生受多因素影响，应采取多层次和有针对性的干预措施。
목적：조사엄주시사구위절경기녀성억욱증상발생정황，병탐토기영향인소，위제정침대성적사구간예책략화조시제공의거。방법채용수궤여정군추양상결합적방법，이엄주모성구화시교량사구위류조현장，추취40～55세721례위절경기녀성위연구대상，기중시구368인，교구각353인，채용자평억욱량표（SDS）、생활사건량표（LES）、사회지지평정량표（SSRS）、응대방식문권（ CSQ）화일반사회인구학조사표（ SDQ）진행조사화평개，운용다원축보회귀분석적방법，탐토영향기억욱수평적보호인소화위험인소。결과억욱증상발생솔위8．04％，46～50세조발생솔（12．35％）현저고우40～45세조（6．22％）화51～55세조（5．49％，χ2＝9．2552，P＜0．01）；성시사구억욱증상발생솔（10．33％）현저고우교구사구（5．67％，χ2＝5．2902，P＜0．05）；부성사건자격량화자책시억욱증상발생적위험인소，대지지이용도칙시기보호인소；생활사건、사회지지화응대방식균여자평억욱량표평분존재정성혹부성현저성상관，각인자간야존재일사현저성상관。결론위절경기억욱적발생수다인소영향，응채취다층차화유침대성적간예조시。
Objective To investigate the occurrence and influencing factors of depressive symptoms in perimenopausal women in Guangzhou so as to provide scientific basis for prevention and intervention .Methods It was a stratified randomized sampling investigation .Totally 721 perimenopausal women aged 40-55 from an urban (368) and a suburb (353) community of Guangzhou were investigated with self-rating depression scale (SDS) ,life events self-rating scale (LES), social support revalued scale (SSRS), coping style questionnaire(CSQ) and social demography questionnaire ( SDQ ) .Possible risk factors and protective factors were explored with multiple stepwise regression analysis.Results The prevalence of depressive symptoms was 8.04%.The prevalence of depressive symptoms in the group of women aged 46-50 (12.35%) was significantly higher than that in the group of women aged 40-45 (6.22%) and the group of women aged 51-55 (5.49%) (χ2 =9.2552,P<0.01).There was significant difference in the prevalence rate of depressive symptoms between urban group (10.33%) and suburb group (5.67%) (χ2 =5.2902,P<0.05).Quantity of the stimulus of negative events and self-blame were risk factors of depressive symptoms , while utilization of support was a protective factor .There was significant correlation between SDS and stress intensity of life events , social support and coping style , and these factors were correlated with each other .Conclusion Depression in perimenopausal period is closely related with multiple factors .A targeted and multi-faceted prevention and treatment should be given for perimenopausal women .