CAJ | 학술논문

目的：了解新疆维吾尔自治区维吾尔族、汉族、哈萨克族3个主要民族胆囊结石的患病率及其相关因素。方法采用典型抽样然后再多阶段分层随机抽样的方法。应用统一制定的新疆地区胆囊疾病危险因素调查表，对研究对象逐一填写调查问卷的方法收集胆囊结石的流行病学资料，同时行胆囊的腹部超声检查。结果通过本次调查得出新疆地区抽样人群中胆囊结石患病率为15.0%，其中南疆地区胆囊结石患病率为17.5%，北疆地区为13.5%，差异具有显著性（χ2＝4.47，P＝0.03）。维吾尔族、汉族、哈萨克族和其他少数民族胆囊结石的患病率分别为20.8%、13.1%、11.5%、16.8%，维吾尔族明显高于汉族和哈萨克族（χ2＝37.90，P＝0.00；χ2＝42.23，P＝0.00）。多因素Logistic回归分析表明性别、年龄、民族、糖尿病史、父母胆囊疾病史、脂肪肝史、体重指数、居住在南疆地区、腌制蔬菜类、新鲜奶类、羊肉、饮水（自来水）、生孩子数目、生第1个孩子年龄较小、绝经年龄晚及月经不调等是胆囊结石的危险因素；黄绿色蔬菜类、新鲜水果类和饮用山泉水是胆囊结石的独立保护因素。结论新疆地区为胆囊结石的高发区；新疆地区胆囊结石患病率存在地域及民族差异，主要表现为南疆高于北疆，维吾尔族明显高于汉族、哈萨克族；哈萨克族饮食及居住地域可能具有对抗胆囊结石形成的保护因素。
목적：료해신강유오이자치구유오이족、한족、합살극족3개주요민족담낭결석적환병솔급기상관인소。방법채용전형추양연후재다계단분층수궤추양적방법。응용통일제정적신강지구담낭질병위험인소조사표，대연구대상축일전사조사문권적방법수집담낭결석적류행병학자료，동시행담낭적복부초성검사。결과통과본차조사득출신강지구추양인군중담낭결석환병솔위15.0%，기중남강지구담낭결석환병솔위17.5%，북강지구위13.5%，차이구유현저성（χ2＝4.47，P＝0.03）。유오이족、한족、합살극족화기타소수민족담낭결석적환병솔분별위20.8%、13.1%、11.5%、16.8%，유오이족명현고우한족화합살극족（χ2＝37.90，P＝0.00；χ2＝42.23，P＝0.00）。다인소Logistic회귀분석표명성별、년령、민족、당뇨병사、부모담낭질병사、지방간사、체중지수、거주재남강지구、업제소채류、신선내류、양육、음수（자래수）、생해자수목、생제1개해자년령교소、절경년령만급월경불조등시담낭결석적위험인소；황록색소채류、신선수과류화음용산천수시담낭결석적독립보호인소。결론신강지구위담낭결석적고발구；신강지구담낭결석환병솔존재지역급민족차이，주요표현위남강고우북강，유오이족명현고우한족、합살극족；합살극족음식급거주지역가능구유대항담낭결석형성적보호인소。
ObjectiveTo investigate the prevalence and relative factors of cholecystolithiasis for the three major nationality of Uygur, Han, Kazak in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region.MethodsThe typical sampling after the stratified random sampling method was adopted to investigate the family member of Xinjiang Region. A unified questionnaire was applied and the appointment of abdominal ultrasonic was used to examine the liver and gallbladder. ResultsThe overall prevalence of cholecystolithiasis was 15.0% in sampling population of Xinjiang Region,with a higher rate in South Xinjiang and North Xinjiang (17.5% and 13.5%,χ2=4.47,P=0.03 ).The prevalence of Uygur, Han, Kazak and other nationality were 20.8%, 13.1%, 11.5%, 16.8%, respectively. The prevalence of Uygur was significantly higher than that of Han and Kazak(χ2=37.90,P=0.00;χ2=42.23,P=0.00). Multiple logistic regression analysis indicated that sex, age, nationality, history of diabetes mellitus, family history of gallbladder disease, birthplace, pickled vegetable, milk, mutton, drinking water, number of bearing, the younger age of give birth to the first child, the delayed age of menopause, irregular menstruation. However, the vegetable, fruits and spring water were independent protective factor.ConclusionsXinjiang is an region of the higher prevalence of cholecystolithiasis, which varied with different regions and nations. The prevalence of cholecystolithiasis in South Xinjiang was significantly higher than those in North Xinjiang. The prevalence of Uygur was prominently higher than that of Han and Kazak.The diet and living environment of Kazak may have some protective factors against the formation of cholecystolithiasis, which deserve to further investigate.