CAJ | 학술논문

目的：明确首发缺陷型和非缺陷型精神分裂症患者空间工作记忆损害的差异性，并了解损害是否与阴性症状相关。方法纳入116例首发精神分裂症患者及60名正常对照。采用阳性与阴性症状量表（posi-tive and negative syndrome scale，PANSS）对患者阳性症状和阴性症状进行评定，并采用缺陷型精神分裂症诊断量表中文版（schedule for the deficit syndrome，SDS）将患者分为缺陷型（28例）和非缺陷型（88例）。使用剑桥神经认知自动化成套测试软件（Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery ，CANTAB）中的空间工作记忆（spatial working memory，SWM）测试工具对患者和对照组进行测试。结果校正年龄、性别、受教育年限等因素后，缺陷型患者组在4方块任务组间错误（P=0.03）、6方块任务组间错误（P=0.01）、8方块任务组间错误（P=0.03）、总错误（P=0.01）、策略（P<0.01）等SWM指标中成绩均差于非缺陷型患者组，并且两组均差于对照组（均P<0.01）。缺陷型患者组与非缺陷型患者组的SWM损害与阴性症状无统计学相关性（P>0.05）。结论疾病早期，缺陷型精神分裂症患者的空间工作记忆损害就重于非缺陷型，提示二者可能是不同的亚型。
목적：명학수발결함형화비결함형정신분렬증환자공간공작기억손해적차이성，병료해손해시부여음성증상상관。방법납입116례수발정신분렬증환자급60명정상대조。채용양성여음성증상량표（posi-tive and negative syndrome scale，PANSS）대환자양성증상화음성증상진행평정，병채용결함형정신분렬증진단량표중문판（schedule for the deficit syndrome，SDS）장환자분위결함형（28례）화비결함형（88례）。사용검교신경인지자동화성투측시연건（Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery ，CANTAB）중적공간공작기억（spatial working memory，SWM）측시공구대환자화대조조진행측시。결과교정년령、성별、수교육년한등인소후，결함형환자조재4방괴임무조간착오（P=0.03）、6방괴임무조간착오（P=0.01）、8방괴임무조간착오（P=0.03）、총착오（P=0.01）、책략（P<0.01）등SWM지표중성적균차우비결함형환자조，병차량조균차우대조조（균P<0.01）。결함형환자조여비결함형환자조적SWM손해여음성증상무통계학상관성（P>0.05）。결론질병조기，결함형정신분렬증환자적공간공작기억손해취중우비결함형，제시이자가능시불동적아형。
Objective To investigate the difference of spatial working memory among first-episode patients with deficit and nondeficit schizophrenia. Methods The study recruited 116 first-episode treatment-naive patients with schizo-phrenia, and 60 normal controls. Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) was used to assess symptoms of patients and Schedule for the Deficit Syndrome (SDS) was used to divide schizophrenia patients into deficit group (28 patients) and nondeficit group (88 patients). Spatial Working Memory (SWM) test from the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automat-ed Battery (CANTAB) was used to test the spatial working memory function. Results Adjusted for age, gender and years of education, there were significant differences in the performance of between errors of 4 boxes (P=0.03), between errors of 6 boxes (P=0.01), between errors of 8 boxes (P=0.03), total errors (P=0.01) and strategy (P<0.01) between deficit and nondef-icit patients, and both groups were poorer than the control group. The SWM of deficit and nondeficit patients has no corre-lation with the negative symptoms (P>0.05). Conclusion The impairment of SWM was more severe in deficit schizophrenia patients than in nondeficit patients at early stage of the disease, suggesting they are different subtypes of schizophrenia.