CAJ | 학술논문

为了有效提高磁偏角测量精度，解决偏远小岛难以设置方位点的问题，介绍了磁偏角概念和利用GPS测量方位角测定磁偏角的原理，阐述了由测站经纬度、观测时间计算太阳方位角的公式，分析了测站坐标、观测时间等误差对太阳方位角计算的精度影响。初步论证了利用太阳方位角测量磁偏角时，观测时段选取、测站坐标观测精度要求、测量时刻观测精度要求等问题。设计了依托太阳方位角测量磁偏角的观测方法并给出了检验太阳方位角观测精度的观测实例。对比结果表明：利用太阳方位角进行磁偏角测量可以有效地解决偏远小岛难以设置方位点的问题，并提出了精确的测定测站坐标和观测时间可以有效提高磁偏角测量精度的结论。
위료유효제고자편각측량정도，해결편원소도난이설치방위점적문제，개소료자편각개념화이용GPS측량방위각측정자편각적원리，천술료유측참경위도、관측시간계산태양방위각적공식，분석료측참좌표、관측시간등오차대태양방위각계산적정도영향。초보론증료이용태양방위각측량자편각시，관측시단선취、측참좌표관측정도요구、측량시각관측정도요구등문제。설계료의탁태양방위각측량자편각적관측방법병급출료검험태양방위각관측정도적관측실례。대비결과표명：이용태양방위각진행자편각측량가이유효지해결편원소도난이설치방위점적문제，병제출료정학적측정측참좌표화관측시간가이유효제고자편각측량정도적결론。
In order to improve the measurement precision of magnetic declination and to solve the problem that remote islands are difficult to set the bearing point, the concept of magnetic declination and the principle of using GPS( global positioning system) azimuth to measure the magnetic declina-tion are briefly introduced, and the calculation formula of the solar azimuth using the station coordi-nates and observation time is given.Then the influences of station coordinate error and observation time error etc.on the calculation accuracy of the solar azimuth are analyzed.The requirements for selection of observation period, the observation accuracies of station coordinates and measuring time etc.are proved when using solar azimuth to measure magnetic declination.And the observation method of measuring the magnetic declination using the solar azimuth is designed.A test instance is given, which verifies the observational precision of the solar azimuth.The comparison results show that using the solar azimuth to measure the magnetic declination can effectively solve the problem that remote islands are difficult to set the bearing point, and the conclusion that accurately measuring station coordinates and observation time can effectively improve the measurement precision of the magnetic declination is proposed.