CAJ | 학술논문

本文基于新疆30个贫困县、3000个农户、2008-2010年的微观面板数据，在控制了家庭规模、劳动力数量等家庭特征变量和粮食播种面积等村庄特征变量的前提下，运用固定效应法与工具变量法分别考察了劳动力迁移规模、迁移方式与迁移区位对家庭收入的影响，并进一步分析了劳动力迁移对贫困的缓解效应。回归结果表明：劳动力迁移规模虽然对农户农业收入有负向影响，但显著提高了农户人均收入与利他性收入；自发性迁移与政府组织性迁移方式均能显著提高农户收入，且自发性迁移的作用更强；省内县外迁移对农户收入的提高最为显著，其次为县内乡外迁移，省外迁移不影响农户收入；劳动力迁移规模提高了中等收入农户的收入水平，但对贫困户的贫困无缓解效应，也不影响富裕户的收入水平。
본문기우신강30개빈곤현、3000개농호、2008-2010년적미관면판수거，재공제료가정규모、노동력수량등가정특정변량화양식파충면적등촌장특정변량적전제하，운용고정효응법여공구변량법분별고찰료노동력천이규모、천이방식여천이구위대가정수입적영향，병진일보분석료노동력천이대빈곤적완해효응。회귀결과표명：노동력천이규모수연대농호농업수입유부향영향，단현저제고료농호인균수입여이타성수입；자발성천이여정부조직성천이방식균능현저제고농호수입，차자발성천이적작용경강；성내현외천이대농호수입적제고최위현저，기차위현내향외천이，성외천이불영향농호수입；노동력천이규모제고료중등수입농호적수입수평，단대빈곤호적빈곤무완해효응，야불영향부유호적수입수평。
Using micro-panel data of 3000 rural households from 30 poverty counties in Xinjiang for year 2008-2010 , and controlling the variables of household and village such as household size,the numbers of labor and grain planting area, the paper studies the effect about the size,type and region of labor migration on household income,and further analyzes the effect of labor migration on poverty alleviation. The regression results are mainly as follows:although labor migration size has nega-tive effects on rural household agricultural income,it significantly improves their per capita income and altruistic income. Spontaneous migration and government organization migration significantly increase the rural household income , and sponta-neous migration has a stronger effect;migration outside county within province has the most significant effect on increasing ru-ral household income, followed by migration outside township within county. Migration outside province does not affect rural household income;labor migration size increases the income level of medium income households,but has no effect on poverty alleviation and also has no effect on income level of wealthy households.