中国医药
中國醫藥
중국의약
CHINA MEDICINE
2014年
5期
728-731
,共4页
龚成林%李晓春%丁燕霞%余必信%张林
龔成林%李曉春%丁燕霞%餘必信%張林
공성림%리효춘%정연하%여필신%장림
哮喘%儿童%危险因素%病例对照研究
哮喘%兒童%危險因素%病例對照研究
효천%인동%위험인소%병례대조연구
Asthma%Childhood%Risk factors%Case-control study
目的 探讨安庆城区儿童哮喘危险因素,为本地区儿童哮喘防治提供对策.方法 选择安庆市城区0～14岁儿童哮喘流行病学调查中筛查出的339例哮喘儿童作为病例组,同时选择339例非哮喘、无慢性呼吸系统炎症的0～14岁儿童作为对照组,采用1:1配对病例对照研究方法,调查分析有关危险因素.结果 病例组和对照组儿童性别构成、平均年龄、民族和居住地差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).病例组32.5％(110/339)的哮喘儿童有过敏史,61.8％ (209/339)有特应性体质,18.9％(64/339)的患儿有家族哮喘史,16.6％(56/339)有家族过敏史;对照组11.5％(39/339)的哮喘患儿有过敏史,22.8％(77/339)有特应性体质,2.1％(7/339)的患儿有家族哮喘史,5.3％(18/339)有家族过敏史,病例组过敏史、特应性体质、家族哮喘史、家族过敏史比例明显高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P＜0.01).病例组家庭装修、冬季煤炭取暖、煤炭燃料做饭、家中接触猫狗、家中养花草及吸烟比例与对照组比较,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),病例组家中铺设地毯比例高于对照组[15.7％(53/339)比5.0％ (17/339)],差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).病例组呼吸道感染次数＜6次/年的儿童占55.9％(189/339),≥6次/年占44.1％(149/339),而对照组分别为98.2％(332/339)和1.8％(6/339),2组比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).病例组抗生素使用率为98.2％(332/339),对照组为59.2％(200/339),2组比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).而在妊娠情况、生产情况及6个月内是否纯母乳喂养上差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,儿童哮喘有关的因素有过敏史、特应性体质、家族哮喘史、家中铺设地毯、抗生素使用及呼吸道感染(P值分别为0.001、0.000、0.000、0.001、0.000、0.000).结论 患儿过敏史、特应性、家族哮喘史、家中铺设地毯、抗生素使用及呼吸道感染是本地区儿童哮喘的危险因素,避免接触与哮喘发作相关的危险因素,对预防与控制儿童哮喘的具有重要意义.
目的 探討安慶城區兒童哮喘危險因素,為本地區兒童哮喘防治提供對策.方法 選擇安慶市城區0～14歲兒童哮喘流行病學調查中篩查齣的339例哮喘兒童作為病例組,同時選擇339例非哮喘、無慢性呼吸繫統炎癥的0～14歲兒童作為對照組,採用1:1配對病例對照研究方法,調查分析有關危險因素.結果 病例組和對照組兒童性彆構成、平均年齡、民族和居住地差異無統計學意義(P＞0.05).病例組32.5％(110/339)的哮喘兒童有過敏史,61.8％ (209/339)有特應性體質,18.9％(64/339)的患兒有傢族哮喘史,16.6％(56/339)有傢族過敏史;對照組11.5％(39/339)的哮喘患兒有過敏史,22.8％(77/339)有特應性體質,2.1％(7/339)的患兒有傢族哮喘史,5.3％(18/339)有傢族過敏史,病例組過敏史、特應性體質、傢族哮喘史、傢族過敏史比例明顯高于對照組,差異均有統計學意義(均P＜0.01).病例組傢庭裝脩、鼕季煤炭取暖、煤炭燃料做飯、傢中接觸貓狗、傢中養花草及吸煙比例與對照組比較,差異無統計學意義(P＞0.05),病例組傢中鋪設地毯比例高于對照組[15.7％(53/339)比5.0％ (17/339)],差異有統計學意義(P＜0.05).病例組呼吸道感染次數＜6次/年的兒童佔55.9％(189/339),≥6次/年佔44.1％(149/339),而對照組分彆為98.2％(332/339)和1.8％(6/339),2組比較差異有統計學意義(P＜0.05).病例組抗生素使用率為98.2％(332/339),對照組為59.2％(200/339),2組比較差異有統計學意義(P＜0.05).而在妊娠情況、生產情況及6箇月內是否純母乳餵養上差異無統計學意義(P＞0.05).多因素Logistic迴歸分析結果顯示,兒童哮喘有關的因素有過敏史、特應性體質、傢族哮喘史、傢中鋪設地毯、抗生素使用及呼吸道感染(P值分彆為0.001、0.000、0.000、0.001、0.000、0.000).結論 患兒過敏史、特應性、傢族哮喘史、傢中鋪設地毯、抗生素使用及呼吸道感染是本地區兒童哮喘的危險因素,避免接觸與哮喘髮作相關的危險因素,對預防與控製兒童哮喘的具有重要意義.
목적 탐토안경성구인동효천위험인소,위본지구인동효천방치제공대책.방법 선택안경시성구0～14세인동효천류행병학조사중사사출적339례효천인동작위병례조,동시선택339례비효천、무만성호흡계통염증적0～14세인동작위대조조,채용1:1배대병례대조연구방법,조사분석유관위험인소.결과 병례조화대조조인동성별구성、평균년령、민족화거주지차이무통계학의의(P＞0.05).병례조32.5％(110/339)적효천인동유과민사,61.8％ (209/339)유특응성체질,18.9％(64/339)적환인유가족효천사,16.6％(56/339)유가족과민사;대조조11.5％(39/339)적효천환인유과민사,22.8％(77/339)유특응성체질,2.1％(7/339)적환인유가족효천사,5.3％(18/339)유가족과민사,병례조과민사、특응성체질、가족효천사、가족과민사비례명현고우대조조,차이균유통계학의의(균P＜0.01).병례조가정장수、동계매탄취난、매탄연료주반、가중접촉묘구、가중양화초급흡연비례여대조조비교,차이무통계학의의(P＞0.05),병례조가중포설지담비례고우대조조[15.7％(53/339)비5.0％ (17/339)],차이유통계학의의(P＜0.05).병례조호흡도감염차수＜6차/년적인동점55.9％(189/339),≥6차/년점44.1％(149/339),이대조조분별위98.2％(332/339)화1.8％(6/339),2조비교차이유통계학의의(P＜0.05).병례조항생소사용솔위98.2％(332/339),대조조위59.2％(200/339),2조비교차이유통계학의의(P＜0.05).이재임신정황、생산정황급6개월내시부순모유위양상차이무통계학의의(P＞0.05).다인소Logistic회귀분석결과현시,인동효천유관적인소유과민사、특응성체질、가족효천사、가중포설지담、항생소사용급호흡도감염(P치분별위0.001、0.000、0.000、0.001、0.000、0.000).결론 환인과민사、특응성、가족효천사、가중포설지담、항생소사용급호흡도감염시본지구인동효천적위험인소,피면접촉여효천발작상관적위험인소,대예방여공제인동효천적구유중요의의.
Objective To discuss risk factors of asthma in children.Methods All 339 children with asthma aged from 0 to 14 years old were selected in Anqing city; case-control study method was used to analyze the related risk factors.Results Gender,average age,nationality and place of residence in case group and control group was not significantly different (P ＞ 0.05).32.5％ of the asthma children (110 cases)in case group had a history of allergy; 61.8％ children(209 cases) had atopic physique; 18.9％ children (64 cases) had family history of asthma; 16.6％ children(56 cases) had a family history of allergies.11.5％ children(39 cases) in the control group had asthma;22.8％ children(77 cases) had atopic physique; 2.1％ children(7 cases) had family history of asthma; 5.3％ children(18 cases) had family history of allergies,allergy and atopic physique.Ratio of a family to decorate,winter coal heating,coal fuel for cooking,keeping homes with dogs and cats,flowers and smoke in case group had no statistically significant difference compared with those in control group (P ＞ 0.05) ; ratio of home laying carpet in the case group was higher than that in the control group [15.7％ (53 cases) vs 5.0％ (17/339)] (P ＜ 0.05).Times of respiratory tract infections ＜ 6 times per year in case group was 55.9％ (189/339).Rate of antibiotic use in case group was 98.2％ (332/339) and it was 59.2％ (200/339) in the control group; the differences in the two groups was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).Regarding pregnancy,production situation and exclusive breastfeeding in 6 months,there was no statistically significant difference (P ＞ 0.05).Logistic regression analysis of single factor and multi factor showed that childhood asthma was related to allergic history,idiocrasy,family history of asthma,home carpet and the use of antibiotics and respiratory infection (P values was 0.001,0.000,0.000,0.001,0.000,0.000).Conclusion Allergic history,idiocrasy,family history of asthma,breast feeding,home carpet,the use of antibiotics and respiratory infection are risk factors of asthma in local children ; avoiding those factors are very important for the prevention and control of childhood asthma.
