科技视界
科技視界
과기시계
Science&Technology Vision
2013年
35期
173-174
,共2页
重力加速度%平衡法%单摆法%复摆法%气垫导轨法
重力加速度%平衡法%單襬法%複襬法%氣墊導軌法
중력가속도%평형법%단파법%복파법%기점도궤법
Acceleration of gravity%Balance method%Simple pendulum method%Compound pendulum method%Tilted air track method
重力加速度是物理学中的一个重要的物理量。在地面不同的地区，重力加速度g值有所不同。准确地确定重力加速度的量值，无论从理论上、科研上、还是生产及军事上都有极其重大的意义。本文在现有的实验室条件下，用平衡法、单摆法、复摆法及倾斜气垫导轨法对其进行对比测量研究。平衡法、单摆法、复摆法、倾斜气垫导轨法所得重力加速度分别为(9.623±0.013)m/s2、(9.609±0.500)m/s2、(9.704±0.010)m/s2、(9.712±0.030)m/s2。结果显示，复摆法的合成不确定度最小，倾斜气垫导轨法的结果与当地的重力加速度（9.78995m/s2）最为接近，数据最为准确。就实验原理、操作难易程度、实验测试结果而言，倾斜气垫导轨法是测量重力加速度的最佳方法。
重力加速度是物理學中的一箇重要的物理量。在地麵不同的地區，重力加速度g值有所不同。準確地確定重力加速度的量值，無論從理論上、科研上、還是生產及軍事上都有極其重大的意義。本文在現有的實驗室條件下，用平衡法、單襬法、複襬法及傾斜氣墊導軌法對其進行對比測量研究。平衡法、單襬法、複襬法、傾斜氣墊導軌法所得重力加速度分彆為(9.623±0.013)m/s2、(9.609±0.500)m/s2、(9.704±0.010)m/s2、(9.712±0.030)m/s2。結果顯示，複襬法的閤成不確定度最小，傾斜氣墊導軌法的結果與噹地的重力加速度（9.78995m/s2）最為接近，數據最為準確。就實驗原理、操作難易程度、實驗測試結果而言，傾斜氣墊導軌法是測量重力加速度的最佳方法。
중력가속도시물이학중적일개중요적물리량。재지면불동적지구，중력가속도g치유소불동。준학지학정중력가속도적량치，무론종이론상、과연상、환시생산급군사상도유겁기중대적의의。본문재현유적실험실조건하，용평형법、단파법、복파법급경사기점도궤법대기진행대비측량연구。평형법、단파법、복파법、경사기점도궤법소득중력가속도분별위(9.623±0.013)m/s2、(9.609±0.500)m/s2、(9.704±0.010)m/s2、(9.712±0.030)m/s2。결과현시，복파법적합성불학정도최소，경사기점도궤법적결과여당지적중력가속도（9.78995m/s2）최위접근，수거최위준학。취실험원리、조작난역정도、실험측시결과이언，경사기점도궤법시측량중력가속도적최가방법。
Acceleration of gravity is one of the important physical quantities in Physics. Different regions in the world have different values for the acceleration of gravity. Accurate determination of its numerical value has extremely important significance in theory, scientific research, production as well as military field. Based on conditions of the existing laboratory, the gravity has been measured and researched by using the balance method, the simple pendulum method, the compound pendulum method and the tilted air track method. The results shown that the acceleration of gravity are (9.623±0.013)m/s2,(9.609±0.500)m/s2,(9.712±0.030)m/s2 and (9.704±0.010)m/s2 for the balance method, the pendulum method, the simple pendulum method and the tilted air track method. The measurement uncertainty of the compound pendulum method is the least and the measurement of tilted air track method is most accurate and close to the local acceleration of gravity. Considering the principle of the experiment and the degree of easiness to operattion as well as other factors, tilted air track method is the most suitable method for measuring the acceleration of gravity in Qujing.
