CAJ | 학술논문

试验设在冬小麦/夏玉米轮作区的长期定位大田中，在常规耕作、旋耕、耙耕和免耕4种耕作方式下分别设置秸秆还田与不还田两种处理，研究不同耕作方式与秸秆还田与否对小麦、玉米收获期籽粒可溶性糖含量、蔗糖含量及淀粉累积的影响。结果表明：收获期籽粒中淀粉的合成与蔗糖的积累量、可溶性糖含量没有明显的关系，在淀粉积累量较低的耕作方式下，蔗糖含量与可溶性糖含量却没有相应的降低，说明籽粒的贮存容量和物质转化能力成为影响淀粉积累的主要因素。旋耕和免耕的籽粒贮存容量和物质转化能力明显高于耙耕与常规耕作，从而使千粒重明显增加，加之耕作对穗数的影响，最终表现为旋耕与免耕的产量较高。秸秆还田有利于小麦产量的增加，但对玉米产量的影响不大。因此，少免耕配合秸秆还田有利于籽粒的充实，从而提高作物产量。
시험설재동소맥/하옥미륜작구적장기정위대전중，재상규경작、선경、파경화면경4충경작방식하분별설치갈간환전여불환전량충처리，연구불동경작방식여갈간환전여부대소맥、옥미수획기자립가용성당함량、자당함량급정분루적적영향。결과표명：수획기자립중정분적합성여자당적적루량、가용성당함량몰유명현적관계，재정분적루량교저적경작방식하，자당함량여가용성당함량각몰유상응적강저，설명자립적저존용량화물질전화능력성위영향정분적루적주요인소。선경화면경적자립저존용량화물질전화능력명현고우파경여상규경작，종이사천립중명현증가，가지경작대수수적영향，최종표현위선경여면경적산량교고。갈간환전유리우소맥산량적증가，단대옥미산량적영향불대。인차，소면경배합갈간환전유리우자립적충실，종이제고작물산량。
The experiment was set in the fields with long -term rotation of winter wheat and summer maize.Under the four tillage methods including no tillage (NT), harrow tillage (HT), rotary tillage (RT) and conventional tillage ( CT) , the straw returning ( R) or not ( NR) were designed to study their influence on contents of soluble sugar and sucrose , starch accumulation and yield of grains in harvest period .The results showed that the starch synthesis had no obvious correlation with sucrose accumulation and soluble sugar con -tent.Under the tillage method with lower starch accumulation , the contents of sucrose and soluble sugar didn ’t decline , which indicated storage capacity and transformation ability were the major factors influencing starch synthesis .The grain storage capacity and matter transforming ability of RT and NT were obviously higher than those of HT and CT , which led to the obvious increase of 1 000-grain weight , so RT and NT had higher grain yield.Straw returning was benefit to the increase of wheat yield , but had fewer effects on corn yield .There-fore, reduced tillage with straw returning was in favor of grain filling and yield increasing .