CAJ | 학술논문

为证实大气干湿沉降物是岩溶地下河中多环芳烃(PAHs)的来源,研究选择了某城市典型的岩溶地下河水源地作为研究地点,采用大气干湿采样器、聚氨酯泡沫(PUF)大气被动采样器分别采集大气及其干湿沉降物样品,同时采集地下河水样和分层采集流域土壤,利用气相色谱-质谱联用仪(GC-MS)测定了16种PAHs优先控制污染物。结果表明,地下河流域大气干湿沉降中PAHs的干湿沉降通量为147.26 ng·(m2·d)-1,流域 PAHs 沉降量为1943.8 g；大气中的 PAHs 浓度为45.33 ng·m-3；地下河水中 PAHs 浓度平均值为220.98 ng·L-1；土壤中PAHs浓度为38.72 ng·g-1；大气、降雨和土壤中PAHs组成以2~3环的萘、芴、菲、荧蒽、芘5种为主,地下河水中以芴、菲、荧蒽、芘、苯并[a]蒽、苯并[a]芘6种为主。利用地下河多介质中的16种PAHs成分谱、特征比值结合它们的物理化学性质进行PAHs的源解析,研究显示大气干湿沉降是岩溶地下河水中多环芳烃的主要污染源之一,这归因于岩溶地区防污性能的脆弱性。
위증실대기간습침강물시암용지하하중다배방경(PAHs)적래원,연구선택료모성시전형적암용지하하수원지작위연구지점,채용대기간습채양기、취안지포말(PUF)대기피동채양기분별채집대기급기간습침강물양품,동시채집지하하수양화분층채집류역토양,이용기상색보-질보련용의(GC-MS)측정료16충PAHs우선공제오염물。결과표명,지하하류역대기간습침강중PAHs적간습침강통량위147.26 ng·(m2·d)-1,류역 PAHs 침강량위1943.8 g；대기중적 PAHs 농도위45.33 ng·m-3；지하하수중 PAHs 농도평균치위220.98 ng·L-1；토양중PAHs농도위38.72 ng·g-1；대기、강우화토양중PAHs조성이2~3배적내、물、비、형은、비5충위주,지하하수중이물、비、형은、비、분병[a]은、분병[a]비6충위주。이용지하하다개질중적16충PAHs성분보、특정비치결합타문적물이화학성질진행PAHs적원해석,연구현시대기간습침강시암용지하하수중다배방경적주요오염원지일,저귀인우암용지구방오성능적취약성。
In order to prove the viewpoint that atmospheric deposition of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is one of the pollution sources in karst underground river, the authors chose a typical underground river which is used as drinking water source as a study object. The dry and wet depositions and air samples in the study area were collected by the dry and wet deposition sampler and the PUF-passive sampler, with water samples and soils collected in the same period, and then the samples were analyzed by using GC-MS for 16 EPA PAHs. The results showed that PAH depositional fluxes ranged from 147.26 ng·(m2·d)-1, and weight of PAHs deposited in the basin was 1943.8g in two months. PAHs mean concentrations in air, dry and wet depositions and soils were 45.33 ng·m-3, 38.72 ng·g-1 and 220.98 ng·L-1 respectively, and their dominant PAH compounds were 2~3 rings PAHs such as naphthalene, fluorene, phenanthrene, fluoranthene and pyrene, whereas dominant PAH compounds in the underground river were fluorene, phenanthrene, fluoranthene, pyrene, benzo[a]anthracene and benzo[a]pyrene. Contrastive analysis was conducted in their component spectra, and the characteristic ratios as well as the chemical and physical properties of 16 kinds of PAHs prove that atmospheric deposition is one of the main pollution sources in the karst underground river because the vulnerability of groundwater to contamination in karst area is fragile.