CAJ | 학술논문

以东北某油田石油污染场地多期地下水化学监测数据为基础，分析氯代烷烃自然生物降解中充当第一基质、电子受体、中间产物的水化学组分及相关地球化学参数在污染晕演化的不同时段、不同部位的变化趋势，了解氯代烷烃生物降解的地下水化学响应特征，并以此为依据对污染场地浅层地下水氯代烷烃生物降解程度进行定性评价。结果表明：2010年6月，事故发生约1年之际，在ZK1-ZK3-ZK6纵向剖面上生物降解过程中充当电子受体的水化学组分(SO42-)、第一基质(CH2Cl2、CHCl3)和代表地下水环境的主要理化指标(pH、Eh)从上游到下游均呈递增规律，而相关还原产物(Fe2+、Mn2+、HCO3-)则呈递减规律，这也表明天然微生物降解具有一定的滞后性。2010年6月氯代烷烃天然生物降解评价表明 ZK1属微生物降解证据充足；ZK3观测井属微生物降解证据有限；ZK6观测井属微生物降解证据不足。而2011年5月，事故发生约2年之际，封堵污染源后随污染晕中心的向下游迁移， ZK3观测井中生物降解作用逐渐明显，在ZK3-ZK6纵向剖面上地下水化学指标呈现上述响应规律，而ZK1观测井诸多水化学指标经上游未污染地下水的补充更新，逐渐趋向污染前的背景值。
이동북모유전석유오염장지다기지하수화학감측수거위기출，분석록대완경자연생물강해중충당제일기질、전자수체、중간산물적수화학조분급상관지구화학삼수재오염훈연화적불동시단、불동부위적변화추세，료해록대완경생물강해적지하수화학향응특정，병이차위의거대오염장지천층지하수록대완경생물강해정도진행정성평개。결과표명：2010년6월，사고발생약1년지제，재ZK1-ZK3-ZK6종향부면상생물강해과정중충당전자수체적수화학조분(SO42-)、제일기질(CH2Cl2、CHCl3)화대표지하수배경적주요이화지표(pH、Eh)종상유도하유균정체증규률，이상관환원산물(Fe2+、Mn2+、HCO3-)칙정체감규률，저야표명천연미생물강해구유일정적체후성。2010년6월록대완경천연생물강해평개표명 ZK1속미생물강해증거충족；ZK3관측정속미생물강해증거유한；ZK6관측정속미생물강해증거불족。이2011년5월，사고발생약2년지제，봉도오염원후수오염훈중심적향하유천이， ZK3관측정중생물강해작용축점명현，재ZK3-ZK6종향부면상지하수화학지표정현상술향응규률，이ZK1관측정제다수화학지표경상유미오염지하수적보충경신，축점추향오염전적배경치。
Based on groundwater chemical monitoring data obtained from a certain oilfield in Northeast China, the authors analyzed trends of groundwater chemical indicators which act as first matrix, electron acceptors and related reduction product for biodegradation in the pollution halo at different sites and periods, and then made qualitative evaluation of chloralkane solvents degradation degree. The results shows that, in June 2010, about one year after the accident happened, the water chemical components such as electron acceptors (SO42-), first matrix (CH2Cl2, CHCl3) and the main physicochemical index (pH, Eh) increased from the upper reaches to the lower reaches in ZK1-ZK3-ZK6 longitudinal section. However, the related reduction products (Fe2+, Mn2+, HCO3-) decreased in the same direction, implying that the natural degradation had a certain lag. Degradation evaluation shows that, in June 2010, ZK1 well reached sufficient evidence level, ZK3 well reached limited evidence level, and ZK6 well reached insufficient evidence level. With the migration of the pollution halo and the processing of biodegradation, in May 2011, biodegradation in ZK3 well became more obvious and groundwater chemistry displayed the above response regularity in ZK3-ZK6 longitudinal section, while ZK1 groundwater chemical indicators tended to become the background value before the contamination incident under the condition of recharge and update of upstream fresh water.