CAJ | 학술논문

本次研究的目的是利用传统的培养技术和现代的磷脂脂肪酸 PLFA(Phosphor Lipid Fatty Acid)技术、Biolog技术、16 S rRNA基因变性梯度凝胶电泳DGGE(Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis)及测序技术，调查石家庄市南部污灌区厚近30 m包气带微生物含量、分布、活性和多样性，评价污灌区厚层包气带污染物自然衰减的微生物作用潜力。包气带沉积物样品通过岩芯钻探获得，用于物理、化学和微生物分析。结果显示，土壤层(5~20 cm)微生物含量高，活性高，代谢类型多，可培养的异养菌与自养菌、好氧异养菌、兼性厌氧异氧菌和专性厌氧异养菌共存；土壤层下伏包气带微生物含量较低，活性降低，代谢类型减少，可培养的细菌主要是好氧性异养菌、兼性厌氧异养菌和好氧自养菌，而且随岩性而变化，在砂层和重粘土层含量低，活性低，而在亚粘土层含量和活性大。研究结果指示土壤层具有很高的污染物生物自然衰减潜力，而且下伏包气带仍有这种潜力，特别是下部溶解有机碳 DOC(Dissolved Organic Carbon)含量高的层位潜力更大。
본차연구적목적시이용전통적배양기술화현대적린지지방산 PLFA(Phosphor Lipid Fatty Acid)기술、Biolog기술、16 S rRNA기인변성제도응효전영DGGE(Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis)급측서기술，조사석가장시남부오관구후근30 m포기대미생물함량、분포、활성화다양성，평개오관구후층포기대오염물자연쇠감적미생물작용잠력。포기대침적물양품통과암심찬탐획득，용우물리、화학화미생물분석。결과현시，토양층(5~20 cm)미생물함량고，활성고，대사류형다，가배양적이양균여자양균、호양이양균、겸성염양이양균화전성염양이양균공존；토양층하복포기대미생물함량교저，활성강저，대사류형감소，가배양적세균주요시호양성이양균、겸성염양이양균화호양자양균，이차수암성이변화，재사층화중점토층함량저，활성저，이재아점토층함량화활성대。연구결과지시토양층구유흔고적오염물생물자연쇠감잠력，이차하복포기대잉유저충잠력，특별시하부용해유궤탄 DOC(Dissolved Organic Carbon)함량고적층위잠력경대。
The purpose of this study is to investigate the abundance, distribution, activity and diversity of microbes in nearly 30 m thick vadose zone beneath the wastewater-irrigated area of southern Shijiazhuang to assess microbial process potential for natural attenuation of contaminants of the thick vadose zone using traditional cultivation technique and modern phosphor lipid fatty acid (PLFA), Biolog and 16 S rRNA gene denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) techniques. Sediment samples were collected by core drilling for analysis of physical, chemical and microbial properties. The results show that the top soil layer (5~20 cm) is characterized by high content of bacteria, high activity, plenty of metabolizable types and coexistence of culturable heterotrophic bacteria and autotrophic bacteria, aerobic heterotrophic bacteria, facultative anaerobic heterotrophic bacteria and obligate anaerobic heterotrophic bacteria. The lower vadose zone below the top soil layer is characterized by lower microbial content, lower activity, fewer metabolizable types relative to the top soil layer and harbors mainly culturable aerobic heterotrophic bacteria, facultative anaerobic heterotrophic bacteria and aerobic autotrophic bacteria. Moreover, these bacteria change with lithology, show low content and activity in the sand layer and the heavy clay layer, and increase in content and activity in the clayed silty layer. The results obtained by the authors show that the top soil layer has high potential for biological natural attenuation, and the lower vadose zone still has such potential, and especially has higher potential in the lower layer with high DOC (Dissolved Organic Carbon) content.