CAJ | 학술논문

探讨了我国草原管理的主要理论和政策现状,将我国草原管理的主要观点分为4类：系统发展论、本土发展论、替代发展论和游牧发展论。系统发展论是以任继周为代表的4个生产层理论和系统耦合理论;本土发展论是以达林太为代表的草原制度性退化和农耕对牧区的入侵理论;替代发展论是以张新时的人工草地理论、许鹏的生态置换理论和蒋高明＂以自然之力恢复自然＂理论为代表。游牧发展论是以刘书润为代表的传统游牧发展理论。分析了当前的草原畜牧业管理现状与基于草原畜牧业理论的发展关系与源流,以及当前草原畜牧业管理面对的问题。认为目前的牧区政策是以城市发展和工业化发展为导向,农区政策和农区生产方式入侵牧区的集合体,而非牧区发展本身导向的政策,如果要想使草原回归本源的发展方向,必须充分适应草原的发展规律和生产方式,作出引导性政策,实现草原共管。提出了未来草原畜牧业发展的10条建议。
탐토료아국초원관리적주요이론화정책현상,장아국초원관리적주요관점분위4류：계통발전론、본토발전론、체대발전론화유목발전론。계통발전론시이임계주위대표적4개생산층이론화계통우합이론;본토발전론시이체림태위대표적초원제도성퇴화화농경대목구적입침이론;체대발전론시이장신시적인공초지이론、허붕적생태치환이론화장고명＂이자연지력회복자연＂이론위대표。유목발전론시이류서윤위대표적전통유목발전이론。분석료당전적초원축목업관리현상여기우초원축목업이론적발전관계여원류,이급당전초원축목업관리면대적문제。인위목전적목구정책시이성시발전화공업화발전위도향,농구정책화농구생산방식입침목구적집합체,이비목구발전본신도향적정책,여과요상사초원회귀본원적발전방향,필수충분괄응초원적발전규률화생산방식,작출인도성정책,실현초원공관。제출료미래초원축목업발전적10조건의。
The paper discussed four types pastoralism theories, including systematic development theory (Mr. Ren Jizhou as representatives of four production levels and system coupling theory), native development theory(Mr. Da Lintai as representatives of grassland institutional degradation and crop farming invasion) , sub- stitute development theory(Mr. Zhang Xinshi,Mr. Xu Peng and Mr. Jiang Gaoming as representatives of so- wing pasture replacement theory, ecological replacement of grassland and natural restoration, respectively) and nomadic development theory(Mr. Liu Shurong as representatives of traditional nomadism) based on the current status of grassland management in China. The paper also analyzed the releation between the current grassland management and the pastoralism theories,as well as the issues existed in pastoralism development, we consid- ered that the current grassland restoration strategies made by the government were usually oriented from the city development and industry development,as well as from crop farming. The pastoralism development must a- dapt to the law of grassland production and the approach of co-management will be a bright road for the grass- land management. Finally,ten suggestions were proposed in this paper based on the analysis.