国际医药卫生导报
國際醫藥衛生導報
국제의약위생도보
INTERNATIONAL MEDICINE & HEALTH GUIDANCE NEWS
2013年
8期
1212-1216
,共5页
医院感染%现患率%调查%预防控制
醫院感染%現患率%調查%預防控製
의원감염%현환솔%조사%예방공제
Nosocomial infection (NI)%Prevalence rate%Survey%Preventive control
目的 通过实施现患率调查,了解医院感染基本情况,为改进医院感染预防与控制措施提供科学依据,有效控制、减少医院感染发生率.方法 首先做好调查前规划,确定调查时间,对调查人员统一培训.采用床旁与病历调查相结合的横断面调查方法,对2011年10月19日的住院患者进行医院感染现患率调查,填写统一医院感染现患率调查表,对调查日处于医院感染状态的病例进行统计分析与反馈.结果 此次调查的住院患者共863例,实查率100％,发生医院感染32例,34例次,医院感染率为3.71％,列次率为3.94％.医院感染高发科室主要为ICU30.00％、骨伤科8.82％、感染化疗科7.78％.医院感染部位主要为下呼吸道感染(13例,38.20％)、上呼吸道感染(8例,23.50％)、泌尿系感染(5例,14.70％)、Ⅱ类切口(3例,8.80％)、伤口(2例,5.90％).抗菌药物使用466例,使用率54.00％,治疗性用药微生物送检率为24.03％.外科抗菌药物使用率49.80％,内科抗菌药物使用率为59.52％,外科以预防性用药为主占47.13％,内科以治疗性用药为主占83.33％.结论 通过现患率的调查,真正了解医院感染发生情况,加强高危重点科室、重点部位的感染监测,规范操作行为、抗菌药物的正确使用,是控制医院感染、提高医疗质量最有效的方法.
目的 通過實施現患率調查,瞭解醫院感染基本情況,為改進醫院感染預防與控製措施提供科學依據,有效控製、減少醫院感染髮生率.方法 首先做好調查前規劃,確定調查時間,對調查人員統一培訓.採用床徬與病歷調查相結閤的橫斷麵調查方法,對2011年10月19日的住院患者進行醫院感染現患率調查,填寫統一醫院感染現患率調查錶,對調查日處于醫院感染狀態的病例進行統計分析與反饋.結果 此次調查的住院患者共863例,實查率100％,髮生醫院感染32例,34例次,醫院感染率為3.71％,列次率為3.94％.醫院感染高髮科室主要為ICU30.00％、骨傷科8.82％、感染化療科7.78％.醫院感染部位主要為下呼吸道感染(13例,38.20％)、上呼吸道感染(8例,23.50％)、泌尿繫感染(5例,14.70％)、Ⅱ類切口(3例,8.80％)、傷口(2例,5.90％).抗菌藥物使用466例,使用率54.00％,治療性用藥微生物送檢率為24.03％.外科抗菌藥物使用率49.80％,內科抗菌藥物使用率為59.52％,外科以預防性用藥為主佔47.13％,內科以治療性用藥為主佔83.33％.結論 通過現患率的調查,真正瞭解醫院感染髮生情況,加彊高危重點科室、重點部位的感染鑑測,規範操作行為、抗菌藥物的正確使用,是控製醫院感染、提高醫療質量最有效的方法.
목적 통과실시현환솔조사,료해의원감염기본정황,위개진의원감염예방여공제조시제공과학의거,유효공제、감소의원감염발생솔.방법 수선주호조사전규화,학정조사시간,대조사인원통일배훈.채용상방여병력조사상결합적횡단면조사방법,대2011년10월19일적주원환자진행의원감염현환솔조사,전사통일의원감염현환솔조사표,대조사일처우의원감염상태적병례진행통계분석여반궤.결과 차차조사적주원환자공863례,실사솔100％,발생의원감염32례,34례차,의원감염솔위3.71％,렬차솔위3.94％.의원감염고발과실주요위ICU30.00％、골상과8.82％、감염화료과7.78％.의원감염부위주요위하호흡도감염(13례,38.20％)、상호흡도감염(8례,23.50％)、비뇨계감염(5례,14.70％)、Ⅱ류절구(3례,8.80％)、상구(2례,5.90％).항균약물사용466례,사용솔54.00％,치료성용약미생물송검솔위24.03％.외과항균약물사용솔49.80％,내과항균약물사용솔위59.52％,외과이예방성용약위주점47.13％,내과이치료성용약위주점83.33％.결론 통과현환솔적조사,진정료해의원감염발생정황,가강고위중점과실、중점부위적감염감측,규범조작행위、항균약물적정학사용,시공제의원감염、제고의료질량최유효적방법.
Objective To understand the base situation of nosocomial infection (NI) by investigation to provide the scientific basis for preventing and controlling NI and reducing NI rates.Methods We should make sure the investigation time and provide training for investigators.The cross section investigation method was used,combined with bedside exam and medical record investigation,investigating the prevalence rates of inpatient on the date of October 19,2011,filling in the unified hospital infection prevalence table and carrying on the statistical analysis and the feedback on the investigative date to be at the NI condition.Results All 863 cases were involved during the surveillance,of which 32 patients acquired.The prevalence rate was 3.71％ and the prevalence rate of case-times was 3.94％.The several highest infection rates were ICU (30.00％),department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology (8.82％) and infectious diseases (7.78％).The main infected sites were lower respiratory tract (38.20％),upper respiratory tract (23.5％),urinary tract (14.70％) Ⅱ incision(8.80％) and wound (5.90％).466 cases were using antibiotics and the utilization ratio was 54.00％,remedial microorganism' s examing rate was 24.14％.The usage rate of antibiotics in surgery was 49.80％ and the usage rate of antibiotics in medical department was 59.52％.Conclusion The current situation of NI can be better known after investigating.The most effective way to control NI and improve the medical quality was strengthening and monitoring hospital infection in high risk departments and sites,managing the medical personnel' s behavior and regulating the proper use of antibacterial drugs.
