中国动物传染病学报
中國動物傳染病學報
중국동물전염병학보
CHINESE JOURNAL OF VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY
2013年
6期
43-49
,共7页
韩红玉%李榴佳%董辉%朱顺海%吴有陵%吴迪%赵其平%姜连连%王艳歌%裴恩乐%黄兵
韓紅玉%李榴佳%董輝%硃順海%吳有陵%吳迪%趙其平%薑連連%王豔歌%裴恩樂%黃兵
한홍옥%리류가%동휘%주순해%오유릉%오적%조기평%강련련%왕염가%배은악%황병
鸟类%寄生虫%蠕虫%感染调查
鳥類%寄生蟲%蠕蟲%感染調查
조류%기생충%연충%감염조사
Bird%parasite%helminth%investigation
为了解上海市鸟类寄生虫感染现状,于2012年从上海市部分花鸟市场分批购买了11科21种103只鸟,采用完全剖检法对鸟类消化道及各脏器进行寄生虫检查。结果显示,有14种33只鸟检出蠕虫,鸟种类的蠕虫感染率为66.67%(14/21),鸟个体的蠕虫感染率为32.04%(33/103),其中黄鹂、灰背鸫、灰喜鹊、丝光椋鸟、喜鹊、野鹌鹑等6种鸟的检出率较高,感染率为60%~100%。在检出蠕虫的14种33只鸟中,共检获蠕虫932条,其中从9种16只鸟检获吸虫268条,从8种17只鸟检获绦虫631条,从7种12只鸟检获线虫17条,从4种7只鸟检获棘头虫16条。在检获的932条蠕虫,分别来自肺脏、肾脏、肝脏(胆囊)、肠道,而在心脏、气管、胃、皮下等组织器官未检出蠕虫。肠道是寄生虫寄生的主要场所,从27只鸟的肠道检获746条蠕虫,分别占阳性鸟和蠕虫数的81.82%(27/33)、80.04%(746/932);其次为肝脏(胆囊),从8只鸟的肝脏(胆囊)检获182条蠕虫,分别占阳性鸟和蠕虫数的24.24%、19.53%。在感染强度上,野鸽子和乌灰鸫的蠕虫感染强度最高,平均每只分别检出171条和123条,其次为灰背鸫(53条/只)。调查结果表明,上海市鸟类寄生虫的种类多,且蠕虫的各大类(吸虫、绦虫、线虫、棘头虫)均有检出,依据检获的虫体数量,绦虫和吸虫是鸟类的主要寄生虫,调查结果为初步掌握上海市鸟类寄生虫的感染现状、做好鸟类寄生虫病的防控提供了基础数据。
為瞭解上海市鳥類寄生蟲感染現狀,于2012年從上海市部分花鳥市場分批購買瞭11科21種103隻鳥,採用完全剖檢法對鳥類消化道及各髒器進行寄生蟲檢查。結果顯示,有14種33隻鳥檢齣蠕蟲,鳥種類的蠕蟲感染率為66.67%(14/21),鳥箇體的蠕蟲感染率為32.04%(33/103),其中黃鸝、灰揹鶇、灰喜鵲、絲光椋鳥、喜鵲、野鵪鶉等6種鳥的檢齣率較高,感染率為60%~100%。在檢齣蠕蟲的14種33隻鳥中,共檢穫蠕蟲932條,其中從9種16隻鳥檢穫吸蟲268條,從8種17隻鳥檢穫縚蟲631條,從7種12隻鳥檢穫線蟲17條,從4種7隻鳥檢穫棘頭蟲16條。在檢穫的932條蠕蟲,分彆來自肺髒、腎髒、肝髒(膽囊)、腸道,而在心髒、氣管、胃、皮下等組織器官未檢齣蠕蟲。腸道是寄生蟲寄生的主要場所,從27隻鳥的腸道檢穫746條蠕蟲,分彆佔暘性鳥和蠕蟲數的81.82%(27/33)、80.04%(746/932);其次為肝髒(膽囊),從8隻鳥的肝髒(膽囊)檢穫182條蠕蟲,分彆佔暘性鳥和蠕蟲數的24.24%、19.53%。在感染彊度上,野鴿子和烏灰鶇的蠕蟲感染彊度最高,平均每隻分彆檢齣171條和123條,其次為灰揹鶇(53條/隻)。調查結果錶明,上海市鳥類寄生蟲的種類多,且蠕蟲的各大類(吸蟲、縚蟲、線蟲、棘頭蟲)均有檢齣,依據檢穫的蟲體數量,縚蟲和吸蟲是鳥類的主要寄生蟲,調查結果為初步掌握上海市鳥類寄生蟲的感染現狀、做好鳥類寄生蟲病的防控提供瞭基礎數據。
위료해상해시조류기생충감염현상,우2012년종상해시부분화조시장분비구매료11과21충103지조,채용완전부검법대조류소화도급각장기진행기생충검사。결과현시,유14충33지조검출연충,조충류적연충감염솔위66.67%(14/21),조개체적연충감염솔위32.04%(33/103),기중황리、회배동、회희작、사광량조、희작、야암순등6충조적검출솔교고,감염솔위60%~100%。재검출연충적14충33지조중,공검획연충932조,기중종9충16지조검획흡충268조,종8충17지조검획조충631조,종7충12지조검획선충17조,종4충7지조검획극두충16조。재검획적932조연충,분별래자폐장、신장、간장(담낭)、장도,이재심장、기관、위、피하등조직기관미검출연충。장도시기생충기생적주요장소,종27지조적장도검획746조연충,분별점양성조화연충수적81.82%(27/33)、80.04%(746/932);기차위간장(담낭),종8지조적간장(담낭)검획182조연충,분별점양성조화연충수적24.24%、19.53%。재감염강도상,야합자화오회동적연충감염강도최고,평균매지분별검출171조화123조,기차위회배동(53조/지)。조사결과표명,상해시조류기생충적충류다,차연충적각대류(흡충、조충、선충、극두충)균유검출,의거검획적충체수량,조충화흡충시조류적주요기생충,조사결과위초보장악상해시조류기생충적감염현상、주호조류기생충병적방공제공료기출수거。
In order to investigate the prevalence of parasites in birds, total 103 birds belonging to 21 species were obtained in 2012 from two Shanghai markets. Among these birds, 33 (32.4%) birds of 14 species were tested to have helminths. High infection rates (60%-100%) were found in birds of 6 species including Qrious, Turdushortulorum, Cyanopicacyanus, Sturnussericeus, Picapica and Coturnixcoturnix. A total of 932 helminths were detected in 33 birds, 268 trematodas in 16 birds of 9 species, 631cestodes in 17 birds of 8 species, 17 nematodes in 12 birds of 7 species and 16 acanthocephalas in 7 birds of 4 species. These helminths were found in lungs, livers, kidneys and guts but not in hearts, tracheas, stomaches and subcutaneous layers. Among 932 helminthes observed in 33 birds, 746 helminths (80.04%) lived in guts of 27 birds (81.82%) and 182 helminths (19.53%) lived in livers of 8 birds (24.24%). High infection rates of helminthes were found in Columba and Turduscardis. Each of Columba examined in the study had 171 helminths and each Turduscardis had 123 helminths. These results suggested that birds from Shanghai markets carried a high diversity of helminths, including trematoda, cestode, nematode and acanthocephalan.