CAJ | 학술논문

2007～2009年在河北省中国农业大学吴桥实验站进行两年的田间定位试验，试验设3个种植模式，分别为冬小麦-夏玉米一年两熟常规模式、春玉米一熟优化管理模式和冬小麦-夏玉米-春玉米两年三熟优化管理模式，探讨在华北地区通过调整种植模式的途径实现农业节水减氮的潜力。结果表明，冬小麦-夏玉米一年两熟常规模式(对照)具有显著产量优势，但水分利用率和氮肥利用率均较低，水氮浪费较为严重，不利于华北平原地区农业的可持续发展；与对照相比，春玉米一熟模式水氮消耗量最小，水氮利用率均显著提高，具有良好的环境效应，但其产量降低较多，不适宜在生产中单独推广；两年三熟模式两年总灌溉用水量降低了63%，氮肥用量降低了75%，产量降低了21%，节水减氮效果明显，水氮利用效率显著提高，该模式进一步完善后可适当推广。
2007～2009년재하북성중국농업대학오교실험참진행량년적전간정위시험，시험설3개충식모식，분별위동소맥-하옥미일년량숙상규모식、춘옥미일숙우화관리모식화동소맥-하옥미-춘옥미량년삼숙우화관리모식，탐토재화북지구통과조정충식모식적도경실현농업절수감담적잠력。결과표명，동소맥-하옥미일년량숙상규모식(대조)구유현저산량우세，단수분이용솔화담비이용솔균교저，수담낭비교위엄중，불리우화북평원지구농업적가지속발전；여대조상비，춘옥미일숙모식수담소모량최소，수담이용솔균현저제고，구유량호적배경효응，단기산량강저교다，불괄의재생산중단독추엄；량년삼숙모식량년총관개용수량강저료63%，담비용량강저료75%，산량강저료21%，절수감담효과명현，수담이용효솔현저제고，해모식진일보완선후가괄당추엄。
A two-year field trial was carried out in wuqiao experimental station in Hebei province from 2007 to 2009. The objective was to estimate the water-saving and nitrogen-fertilizer reduction potential through adjusting cropping production systems in North China Plain(NCP). Three treatments were conducted winter wheat - summer maize double cropping production system with farmer's practice(T1), winter wheat-summer maize and spring maize rotation(three harvests in two years) with optimal input(T2), and continuing spring maize system with optimal input(T3). The results showed that T1 had advantage in kernel yield, but it consumed huge amount of groundwater and nitro-gen-fertilizer,and the water and nitrogen use efficiency were lower. In continuing spring maize system, no irrigation and the least amount of nitrogen-fertilizer were applied. Water and nitrogen use efficiency raised notably, but it is not recommended due to the much lower kernel yield than T1. Compared with T1, the kernel yield was reduced by 21%, while the amount of irrigation water and nitrogen-fertilizer were reduced by 63%and 75%separately in T2 system, and water and nitrogen use efficiency were significantly higher than T1. It will be more valuable in application and popularization.