CAJ | 학술논문

黄河是中国西北地区最重要的水源，为了研究黄河上游甘宁蒙段水体的重金属含量及其潜在生态风险，本文分别使用AFS和 HR-ICP-MS对黄河甘宁蒙段12个采样点过滤水和悬浮物中As ，Hg ，Cd ，Pb ， Cr ，Ni ，Cu和 Zn等重金属元素的含量进行了测定。结果表明：各采样点过滤水中，除Cr （56.9～71.5μg · L -1）外，其他重金属元素的含量均低于饮用水水质标准限值。TN ，TP和 pH等水质参数的测定结果显示，除S1（2.48）和 S9（2.38）采样点的T N超过国家地表水环境质量标准第Ⅴ类标准外，其他各采样点参数值均较低。悬浮物中，Hg ，Cd ，Pb和Zn的含量均高于各采样点所在地区相应元素土壤背景值。聚类分析结果显示Ni ，Cu ，Cr ，Zn和Pb有相同污染来源，主要来源于不锈钢产业和石油产业；As ，Cd和Hg三种重金属元素的来源各不相同，主要可能来自于农药，化肥，采矿和燃料以及煤的燃烧。应用RI和Er对各采样点以及单个重金属元素的潜在生态风险进行了评价。结果显示，除S1采样点为中度生态风险外，其他采样点均为显著生态风险（300.6＜ RI ＜508.6），Er指数显示Hg在内蒙段为显著-高生态风险，Cd在S11（396.0）， S9（384.0）和 S5（373.3）采样点为极高风险，说明Hg和Cd在这些采样点污染较为严重。以上研究结果可以为相关部门提供可靠的实验数据和理论依据。
황하시중국서북지구최중요적수원，위료연구황하상유감저몽단수체적중금속함량급기잠재생태풍험，본문분별사용AFS화 HR-ICP-MS대황하감저몽단12개채양점과려수화현부물중As ，Hg ，Cd ，Pb ， Cr ，Ni ，Cu화 Zn등중금속원소적함량진행료측정。결과표명：각채양점과려수중，제Cr （56.9～71.5μg · L -1）외，기타중금속원소적함량균저우음용수수질표준한치。TN ，TP화 pH등수질삼수적측정결과현시，제S1（2.48）화 S9（2.38）채양점적T N초과국가지표수배경질량표준제Ⅴ류표준외，기타각채양점삼수치균교저。현부물중，Hg ，Cd ，Pb화Zn적함량균고우각채양점소재지구상응원소토양배경치。취류분석결과현시Ni ，Cu ，Cr ，Zn화Pb유상동오염래원，주요래원우불수강산업화석유산업；As ，Cd화Hg삼충중금속원소적래원각불상동，주요가능래자우농약，화비，채광화연료이급매적연소。응용RI화Er대각채양점이급단개중금속원소적잠재생태풍험진행료평개。결과현시，제S1채양점위중도생태풍험외，기타채양점균위현저생태풍험（300.6＜ RI ＜508.6），Er지수현시Hg재내몽단위현저-고생태풍험，Cd재S11（396.0）， S9（384.0）화 S5（373.3）채양점위겁고풍험，설명Hg화Cd재저사채양점오염교위엄중。이상연구결과가이위상관부문제공가고적실험수거화이론의거。
The Yellow River is the most important resource of water supply in northern China .The purpose of this work are to investigate the concentrations and potential ecological risk of heavy metals in the upper reaches of the Yellow River ,the concentrations of eight heavy metals including As ,Hg ,Cd ,Pb ,Cr ,Ni ,Cu and Zn in filtered water and suspended particles from 12 sampling sites of Gansu ,Ningxia and Inner Mongolia sections of the Yellow River of China were studied by atomic fluorescence spectrometry (AFS) and high resolution in-ductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (HR-ICP-MS) in this paper .The results implied that all heavy metals in filtered water were lower than the limit standards for drinking water except for Cr (56.9~71.5μg · L -1 ) .Water quality parameters such as total nitrogen (TN) ,total phosphorus (TP) and pH were also deter-mined and the contents were low along the river except for TN at S1 (2.48) and S9 (2.38) ,which exceeded the maximum permitted concentration of Class Ⅴ for the protection of surface water .In suspended particles , the concentrations of Hg ,Cd ,Pb and Zn were much higher than those in the background value of soil from lo-cal section .Cluster analysis (CA) indicated that same sources for Ni ,Cu ,Cr ,Zn and Pb could be stainless steel and petrochemical industrial activities ,while As ,Cd and Hg derived from agrochemicals ,fertilizers , mining ,fuel and coal combustion ,respectively .Ecological risk assessment was undertaken using risk index (RI) for sampling sites and ecological risk factor (Er) for heavy metals .Eleven suspension samples existed considerable ecological risk (300.6 < RI < 508.6) ,while S1 was moderate ecological risk (RI ,299.3) . According to Er ,Hg had considerable or high ecological risk in Inner Mongolia section ,while very high eco-logical risk for Cd at S11 (396.0) ,S9 (384.0) and S5 (373.3) ,respectively ,implied a high pollution in these sampling sites .The results could provide reliable experimental data and theoretical basis for the relevant de-partments .