声学技术
聲學技術
성학기술
Technical Acousitics
2013年
3期
257-262
,共6页
声纳%水面舰艇%鱼雷报警%鱼雷防御
聲納%水麵艦艇%魚雷報警%魚雷防禦
성납%수면함정%어뢰보경%어뢰방어
sonar%surface ship%torpedo warning%torpedo defence
鱼雷防御是从对来袭鱼雷的识别报警开始的，所有鱼雷防御系统的基础是其对鱼雷的检测、分类和定位能力。为了有效地对抗鱼雷攻击，各国海军正在努力提升其声纳的鱼雷目标检测、定位和识别性能。文章对国外鱼雷报警系统的现状和发展趋势进行了分析和评述。鱼雷报警功能可以利用专门的鱼雷报警声纳来实现，也可以集成在一个被动拖线阵里。但通常由一个主被动联合拖曳阵声纳和舰壳声纳构成一个完整的系统，共同完成鱼雷辐射噪声的被动检测、分类和主动回波信号的分析，每个声纳都为鱼雷这个高速小目标的检测定位进行了优化。这样的系统由于可以采用基元数众多长线阵、更好地利用声场条件等，可以实现对鱼雷目标的远距离识别、定位和全方位覆盖。系统部分组成通常也是反潜战能力的组成部分，而将鱼雷检测和水声对抗结合正成为一种新的发展趋势，一些拖曳阵可以作为软杀伤对抗措施欺骗其检测到的鱼雷目标。
魚雷防禦是從對來襲魚雷的識彆報警開始的，所有魚雷防禦繫統的基礎是其對魚雷的檢測、分類和定位能力。為瞭有效地對抗魚雷攻擊，各國海軍正在努力提升其聲納的魚雷目標檢測、定位和識彆性能。文章對國外魚雷報警繫統的現狀和髮展趨勢進行瞭分析和評述。魚雷報警功能可以利用專門的魚雷報警聲納來實現，也可以集成在一箇被動拖線陣裏。但通常由一箇主被動聯閤拖抴陣聲納和艦殼聲納構成一箇完整的繫統，共同完成魚雷輻射譟聲的被動檢測、分類和主動迴波信號的分析，每箇聲納都為魚雷這箇高速小目標的檢測定位進行瞭優化。這樣的繫統由于可以採用基元數衆多長線陣、更好地利用聲場條件等，可以實現對魚雷目標的遠距離識彆、定位和全方位覆蓋。繫統部分組成通常也是反潛戰能力的組成部分，而將魚雷檢測和水聲對抗結閤正成為一種新的髮展趨勢，一些拖抴陣可以作為軟殺傷對抗措施欺騙其檢測到的魚雷目標。
어뢰방어시종대래습어뢰적식별보경개시적，소유어뢰방어계통적기출시기대어뢰적검측、분류화정위능력。위료유효지대항어뢰공격，각국해군정재노력제승기성납적어뢰목표검측、정위화식별성능。문장대국외어뢰보경계통적현상화발전추세진행료분석화평술。어뢰보경공능가이이용전문적어뢰보경성납래실현，야가이집성재일개피동타선진리。단통상유일개주피동연합타예진성납화함각성납구성일개완정적계통，공동완성어뢰복사조성적피동검측、분류화주동회파신호적분석，매개성납도위어뢰저개고속소목표적검측정위진행료우화。저양적계통유우가이채용기원수음다장선진、경호지이용성장조건등，가이실현대어뢰목표적원거리식별、정위화전방위복개。계통부분조성통상야시반잠전능력적조성부분，이장어뢰검측화수성대항결합정성위일충신적발전추세，일사타예진가이작위연살상대항조시기편기검측도적어뢰목표。
Torpedo defence begins with the recognition and warning of incoming attack torpedo. The foundation of all torpedo defence systems is the detection, classification and localization (DCL) capability. Great efforts are being made to improve sonar performance of torpedo DCL to protect their ships from the growing underwater threats for navies worldwide. The status quo and development trend of torpedo warning system are discussed and surveyed in this paper. Torpedo alert function can be provided by dedicated intercept sonar or integrated into a passive sonar array. This usually consists of towed arrays and hull-mounted sonar to detect the propulsion and/or homing signals from the threatening torpedo, and high-tech signal processing and analysis systems to confirm the nature of the threat and de-termine direction of approach, each of them is designed to be appropriate to the DCL of torpedo. Such systems provide long range classification and localization capabilities and 360° coverage due to the long array with more hydrophones and the best use of sound conditions. Frequently, some parts of the DCL system also are components of a ship's ASW capabilities. Some anti-torpedo towed array sensors also serve as countermeasures to deceive the threat they detect, which shows that the combination of torpedo detection and countermeasure is a development trend.
