水利学报
水利學報
수리학보
2013年
6期
743-747,755
,共6页
陈锐%陈中奎%张敏%邓刚
陳銳%陳中奎%張敏%鄧剛
진예%진중규%장민%산강
基质吸力%张力计%高量程%土水特征曲线
基質吸力%張力計%高量程%土水特徵麯線
기질흡력%장력계%고량정%토수특정곡선
matric suction%tensiometer%high-capacity%soil-water characteristic curve
一般张力计仅能量测低于100kPa 的吸力，超过该吸力后张力计将由于量测系统汽化等原因失去可用性。采用国产普通压力传感器研制了一种能够直接量测大于100kPa 吸力的新型高量程张力计。在室内试验中吸力量测值与土样预加吸力一致，验证了400kPa 吸力范围内该高量程张力计的响应速度和准确度。将此高量程吸力计应用于0~500kPa 范围内高岭土土水特征曲线试验，并与应用轴平移法的压力板仪试验结果比较，进一步验证了该高量程张力计的准确性、持久性和对干湿循环过程的可用性。应用新型张力计在室外进行了长达25d 的吸力监测试验，证明了该张力计的长历时可用性和反应速度。应用结果表明，所研制的高量程张力计具有量值准确、反应灵敏、持时长及量测稳定等良好工作性态。
一般張力計僅能量測低于100kPa 的吸力，超過該吸力後張力計將由于量測繫統汽化等原因失去可用性。採用國產普通壓力傳感器研製瞭一種能夠直接量測大于100kPa 吸力的新型高量程張力計。在室內試驗中吸力量測值與土樣預加吸力一緻，驗證瞭400kPa 吸力範圍內該高量程張力計的響應速度和準確度。將此高量程吸力計應用于0~500kPa 範圍內高嶺土土水特徵麯線試驗，併與應用軸平移法的壓力闆儀試驗結果比較，進一步驗證瞭該高量程張力計的準確性、持久性和對榦濕循環過程的可用性。應用新型張力計在室外進行瞭長達25d 的吸力鑑測試驗，證明瞭該張力計的長歷時可用性和反應速度。應用結果錶明，所研製的高量程張力計具有量值準確、反應靈敏、持時長及量測穩定等良好工作性態。
일반장력계부능량측저우100kPa 적흡력，초과해흡력후장력계장유우량측계통기화등원인실거가용성。채용국산보통압력전감기연제료일충능구직접량측대우100kPa 흡력적신형고량정장력계。재실내시험중흡역량측치여토양예가흡력일치，험증료400kPa 흡력범위내해고량정장력계적향응속도화준학도。장차고량정흡력계응용우0~500kPa 범위내고령토토수특정곡선시험，병여응용축평이법적압력판의시험결과비교，진일보험증료해고량정장력계적준학성、지구성화대간습순배과정적가용성。응용신형장력계재실외진행료장체25d 적흡력감측시험，증명료해장력계적장력시가용성화반응속도。응용결과표명，소연제적고량정장력계구유량치준학、반응령민、지시장급량측은정등량호공작성태。
Only matric suctions below 100kPa can be measured by conventional tensiometers. When the measured suctions are larger than 100kPa, the conventional tensiometers fail due to the cavitation in mea?surement system. A new high-capacity tensiometer,which is able to directly measure matric suctions great?er than 100kPa,was developed in this study on the basis of a general pressure transducer made in China. Suction measurement on soil specimens shows that the suction values measured by the new tensiometer are consistent with those pre-applied on the soil specimens by using the axis-translation technique. This compar?ison validated the response speed and accuracy of the tensiometer within the suction range of 400kPa. The new tensiometer was also used to measure the soil-water characteristic curve along a drying-wetting cycle within the suction range from 0 to 500kPa. By comparing with the results from the pressure plate test,the accuracy and endurance of the tensiometer and its applicability to drying-wetting cycle were further veri?fied. Finally,the new tensiometer was used to monitor suction in the field and the monitoring lasted for 25 days, thereby justifying long duration and quick response of the tensiometer for suction measurement. The above applications suggest that the newly developed high-capacity tensiometer performs well regarding re?sponse,reliability,endurance and stability.
