水利学报
水利學報
수리학보
2013年
6期
657-663
,共7页
彭世彰%熊玉江%罗玉峰%顾宏
彭世彰%熊玉江%囉玉峰%顧宏
팽세창%웅옥강%라옥봉%고굉
稻田%控制灌溉%控制排水%沟塘湿地%氮磷
稻田%控製灌溉%控製排水%溝塘濕地%氮燐
도전%공제관개%공제배수%구당습지%담린
paddy field%controlled irrigation%controlled drainage%wetland%nitrogen and phosphorus
农田排水中过多的氮磷会造成水体富营养化以及面源污染等一系列水环境问题。本文提出控制农田面源污染的稻田沟塘湿地协同系统，研究了该系统及其各组成部分对农田排水中氮磷的削减效果及机理。研究结果表明：该系统可有效地减少稻田排水量，降低稻田排水中氮磷浓度，对稻田排水中氮磷实现原位削减。其较传统灌排系统减少排水量73.03%，分别减少总氮（TN）和总磷（TP）流失负荷90.17%和79.53%；该系统中各组成部分都具有控污效果，其中稻田控制灌排可有效地减少稻田排水、降低排水中氮磷浓度和田间产污能力，控制灌溉稻田TN 和 TP 负荷较传统灌溉减少53.72%和37.45%，明沟控制排水对稻田排水中 TN 和 TP 的去除率达到64.59%和54.35%，沟塘湿地能够有效地净化稻田排水中氮磷等污染，TN 去除率达到37.13%，TP 去除率达到27.32%。本文研究结果可为该系统在我国的应用提供理论支持及实践指导。
農田排水中過多的氮燐會造成水體富營養化以及麵源汙染等一繫列水環境問題。本文提齣控製農田麵源汙染的稻田溝塘濕地協同繫統，研究瞭該繫統及其各組成部分對農田排水中氮燐的削減效果及機理。研究結果錶明：該繫統可有效地減少稻田排水量，降低稻田排水中氮燐濃度，對稻田排水中氮燐實現原位削減。其較傳統灌排繫統減少排水量73.03%，分彆減少總氮（TN）和總燐（TP）流失負荷90.17%和79.53%；該繫統中各組成部分都具有控汙效果，其中稻田控製灌排可有效地減少稻田排水、降低排水中氮燐濃度和田間產汙能力，控製灌溉稻田TN 和 TP 負荷較傳統灌溉減少53.72%和37.45%，明溝控製排水對稻田排水中 TN 和 TP 的去除率達到64.59%和54.35%，溝塘濕地能夠有效地淨化稻田排水中氮燐等汙染，TN 去除率達到37.13%，TP 去除率達到27.32%。本文研究結果可為該繫統在我國的應用提供理論支持及實踐指導。
농전배수중과다적담린회조성수체부영양화이급면원오염등일계렬수배경문제。본문제출공제농전면원오염적도전구당습지협동계통，연구료해계통급기각조성부분대농전배수중담린적삭감효과급궤리。연구결과표명：해계통가유효지감소도전배수량，강저도전배수중담린농도，대도전배수중담린실현원위삭감。기교전통관배계통감소배수량73.03%，분별감소총담（TN）화총린（TP）류실부하90.17%화79.53%；해계통중각조성부분도구유공오효과，기중도전공제관배가유효지감소도전배수、강저배수중담린농도화전간산오능력，공제관개도전TN 화 TP 부하교전통관개감소53.72%화37.45%，명구공제배수대도전배수중 TN 화 TP 적거제솔체도64.59%화54.35%，구당습지능구유효지정화도전배수중담린등오염，TN 거제솔체도37.13%，TP 거제솔체도27.32%。본문연구결과가위해계통재아국적응용제공이론지지급실천지도。
@@@@A series of water environment problems as water eutrophication and non-point pollution are caused by nitrogen and phosphorus loss in farmland drainage. This paper presents a system of water compre?hensive management to control agricultural non-point source pollution, which is called Paddy Eco-Ditch and Wetland System (PEDWS). It investigates the mechanism and subtractive effect of the system on nitrogen and phosphorus loss in farmland drainage. The results indicate that PEDWS could effectively decrease the paddy field drainage and concentration of nitrogen and phosphorus in the drainage that realizes nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants reduction in paddy fields. The drainage of PEDWS is 73.03% less than the tradi?tional irrigation and drainage system. The total nitrogen (TN) and phosphorus (TP) loads of PEDWS are 90.17% and 79.53% less than traditional irrigation and drainage system. The components of PEDWS also have effect on pollution control. Controlled irrigation could effectively decrease the paddy field drainage and concentration of nitrogen and phosphorus in the drainage, reducing ability to produce pollution and risk of pollution discharge. The TN and TP loads of controlled irrigation paddy field are 53.72% and 37.45% less than traditional irrigation paddy field. The TN removal rate in controlled eco-ditch reaches 64.59% and 54.35% for TP. Wetland could effectively purify nitrogen and phosphorus loss in drainage. The TN removal rate reaches 37.13% and 27.32% for TP. This research results could provide theoretical support and practi?cal guidance for the application of the PEDWS in China.
