CAJ | 학술논문

为了满足水禽集约化饲养的饮水需要，该文选用PVC管、浮球等材料研制了一种水禽自动饮水装置，并以樱桃谷种鸭为对象进行了应用效果试验。当水位降低到一定程度时，水自动流出，浪费极少，种鸭单位饮水面积大（8.7cm2/只），鸭饮水自如，能保持鸭嬉水的天性。比较了该自动饮水装置（第1组）与现存的乳头式饮水器（第2组）、普通水槽（第3组）和普拉松饮水器（第4组）的购置成本及折旧费，研究了同等饲养条件下4种饮水器的耗水量及对种鸭生产性能的影响。18684只父母代SM3樱桃谷种鸭随机分为4组，每组3个重复，每个重复1557只（母鸭1289只；公鸭268只）。试验期为25～75周龄。试验结果表明：第1组饮水器的购置成本最低，每只种鸭为0.59元，其它3个组分别为1.25、0.69、2.27元，第1组饮水器的折旧费也最低，每只种鸭每年0.13元，其它3个组分别为0.24、0.14、0.49元。第1组耗水量为1.72 kg/（只·d），高于第2组的1.18 kg/（只·d）和第4组的1.48 kg/（只·d），低于第3组的2.31 kg/（只·d）。第1组试验期内存活率为91.8%、产蛋率78.3%、种蛋合格率93.70%、受精率92.30%，均高于第2、3、4组。本文所研制的水禽自动饮水装置既能提高种鸭的生产性能，又比其它装置成本低，使用方便，极具推广前景。
위료만족수금집약화사양적음수수요，해문선용PVC관、부구등재료연제료일충수금자동음수장치，병이앵도곡충압위대상진행료응용효과시험。당수위강저도일정정도시，수자동류출，낭비겁소，충압단위음수면적대（8.7cm2/지），압음수자여，능보지압희수적천성。비교료해자동음수장치（제1조）여현존적유두식음수기（제2조）、보통수조（제3조）화보랍송음수기（제4조）적구치성본급절구비，연구료동등사양조건하4충음수기적모수량급대충압생산성능적영향。18684지부모대SM3앵도곡충압수궤분위4조，매조3개중복，매개중복1557지（모압1289지；공압268지）。시험기위25～75주령。시험결과표명：제1조음수기적구치성본최저，매지충압위0.59원，기타3개조분별위1.25、0.69、2.27원，제1조음수기적절구비야최저，매지충압매년0.13원，기타3개조분별위0.24、0.14、0.49원。제1조모수량위1.72 kg/（지·d），고우제2조적1.18 kg/（지·d）화제4조적1.48 kg/（지·d），저우제3조적2.31 kg/（지·d）。제1조시험기내존활솔위91.8%、산단솔78.3%、충단합격솔93.70%、수정솔92.30%，균고우제2、3、4조。본문소연제적수금자동음수장치기능제고충압적생산성능，우비기타장치성본저，사용방편，겁구추엄전경。
A new automatic drinking device was designed according to the living habits of waterfowl (ducks), which was made with PVC pipes, floating balls, and other materials. The devices had better performances and advantages, such as more water area and deeper groove, auto-control of water amount by float ball to meet the needs of intensive rearing of waterfowl (ducks) comparing with the other three devices:nipple drinkers, ordinary water tanks, and the Plasson drinkers. To further observe the effects of the new automatic drinking devices on production performance in duck breeders, 18 684 SM3 cherry parent ducks were randomly allocated into four groups with three replicates, including new drinking devices (group one), nipple drinker (group two), ordinary water tank (group three), and the Plasson drinker (group four). Every replicate had 1 557 ducks (females 1,289;males 268).The purchase cost and depreciation cost of the four drinking devices, water consumption and production performance of ducks under the same feeding conditions were statistically analyzed from the ages of 25 weeks to 75 weeks. The results showed that the purchase cost of the drinking device in group one was 0.59￥ per duck, which was the lowest among the all of the groups (0.59￥ vs 1.25￥ or 0.69 ￥ or 2.27￥); and the depreciation cost of 0.13 ￥ per year in group one was the lowest among the all of the groups, too (0.13￥ vs 0.24￥ or 0.14￥ or 0.49￥). The water consumption per duck per day in group one was more than that in group two and in group four (1.72 kg±0.03 kg vs 1.18 kg±0.04 kg or 1.48 kg±0.03 kg), but less than that in group three (2.31 kg ± 0.08 kg). The survival rate, egg laying rate, egg average qualified rate, and egg average fertility rate in group one were all higher than those in other groups. In conclusion, the new drinking devices could be applied widely in the intensive rearing of waterfowls with the advantages of improving production performances of ducks, lower purchase and depreciation costs, and being easy to operate.