CAJ | 학술논문

为改善车辆不同作业环境下的操控性能，防止地域及季节气温差异导致转向系动态响应偏离其设计初衷，该文以非独立悬架车辆为例，对考虑温度效应的车辆摆振系统动力学行为进行了分析。基于热弹性力学考察了温度效应对转动副间隙的影响，建立了计入温度效应的转向传动机构含间隙车辆摆振系统动力学模型。通过数值算例分析了某1030货车摆振响应的分岔特性和初值特性，讨论了车速、温度等参数对摆振系统全局动力学行为的影响，研究表明，温度的改变在85～110 km/h车速区间内会导致转向轮摆角周期运动形态的改变，且这种影响在高车速区段下比中低车速区段更为明显，而当车速为100 km/h、温度为-40℃时左转向轮摆角中值为负，意味着有向右跑偏趋势；50℃时摆角中值由负变正，说明有改为向左跑偏的趋势。研究结果可为全天候车辆防摆振设计提供参考。
위개선차량불동작업배경하적조공성능，방지지역급계절기온차이도치전향계동태향응편리기설계초충，해문이비독립현가차량위례，대고필온도효응적차량파진계통동역학행위진행료분석。기우열탄성역학고찰료온도효응대전동부간극적영향，건립료계입온도효응적전향전동궤구함간극차량파진계통동역학모형。통과수치산례분석료모1030화차파진향응적분차특성화초치특성，토론료차속、온도등삼수대파진계통전국동역학행위적영향，연구표명，온도적개변재85～110 km/h차속구간내회도치전향륜파각주기운동형태적개변，차저충영향재고차속구단하비중저차속구단경위명현，이당차속위100 km/h、온도위-40℃시좌전향륜파각중치위부，의미착유향우포편추세；50℃시파각중치유부변정，설명유개위향좌포편적추세。연구결과가위전천후차량방파진설계제공삼고。
Vehicles work in outdoor environments to deliver goods or people, while the ambient temperature varies in different seasons or different regions. Since the process parameters of the kinetic pair in vehicle steering mechanisms are usually designed based on the domestic temperature of 20oC, the temperature variation usually leads to mechanical deformation of components of kinetic pairs in vehicle steering mechanisms, and as a result, the deformation of the components may change the kinetic and dynamic characters of the kinetic pair. Consequently, the dynamic response of the steering system may vary if the vehicle is exposed to different temperature working conditions. As a result, the dynamic behavior of the vehicle shimmy system may be influenced by the temperature effect. Actually, some cases have been reported that the dynamic response of the steering system of certain vehicles varied in different seasons or in different regions. To evaluate the influence of temperature effects on the dynamic response of the vehicle shimmy system with clearance in the steering mechanism, and to prevent the potential deviation of the dynamic response of the steering system from its original design goal, the dynamic behavior of the vehicle shimmy system with clearance in steering linkage with consideration of temperature effect is discussed. Based on thermal elasticity, thermal deformation of kinetic pair components is calculated, and the influence of temperature effects on clearance of revolute kinetic pair was analyzed. As a result, interaction forces between the kinetic pair components with consideration of temperature effect is re-evaluated, and the sub dynamic model of the kinetic pair with clearance with consideration of temperature effect is available. Consequently, a vehicle with dependent suspension was employed as an example, and the dynamic model of the vehicle shimmy system with clearance in steering linkage with consideration of temperature effect is presented. Based on this model, the dynamic behavior of the vehicle shimmy system with clearance with consideration of temperature effects was discussed. Bifurcation characteristics and initial value characteristics of the system were analyzed with numerical examples, and the coupling influences of the temperature and other system parameters, such as vehicle speed, etc, on the global dynamic behavior of the vehicle shimmy system were evaluated. The results show that the temperature and other parameters can make a significant coupling contribution to the dynamic response of the vehicle shimmy system. The change of ambient temperature may lead to significant variation of the dynamic behavior of the system, and it seems that the influence is likely to be more significant at a higher speed range than that at lower speed range. For those examples presented in the paper, the dynamic behavior of the system is significantly affected by temperatures in the speed range 85km/h~110km/h, while it remains stable in lower speed ranges. The method and conclusions presented in this paper may provide theoretical basis for improvement of a vehicle shimmy control with consideration of temperature effect, and they are helpful to perfect the modeling theory of vehicle shimmy system.