CAJ | 학술논문

为解决传统储粮方法存在的高能耗、害虫多、易污染的问题，基于热管技术，该文设计开发了一座利用自然冷源蓄冷的储粮仓，其由储粮仓、热管模组、温度监测系统等组成，通过1年试验（2011年12月16日至2012年11月1日）研究了储粮仓内粮食温度变化及对害虫的抑制效果，结果表明：热管模组在19 d内将粮食温度降低到0，最低可降至-3.17℃；热管储粮试验仓蓄冷量为50.95 MJ，降温速度达到了0.28℃/d，分别较对照仓高出31.62%和47.37%，因此试验仓降温速度更快，蓄冷量更大。夏季试验仓虫害发生时间延迟，害虫数量明显减少，抑虫效果明显。此外，试验周期内无任何能耗，小麦并未出现结露或霉变等现象。该研究为热管技术在大型粮库中的应用提供依据和技术支持。
위해결전통저량방법존재적고능모、해충다、역오염적문제，기우열관기술，해문설계개발료일좌이용자연랭원축랭적저량창，기유저량창、열관모조、온도감측계통등조성，통과1년시험（2011년12월16일지2012년11월1일）연구료저량창내양식온도변화급대해충적억제효과，결과표명：열관모조재19 d내장양식온도강저도0，최저가강지-3.17℃；열관저량시험창축랭량위50.95 MJ，강온속도체도료0.28℃/d，분별교대조창고출31.62%화47.37%，인차시험창강온속도경쾌，축랭량경대。하계시험창충해발생시간연지，해충수량명현감소，억충효과명현。차외，시험주기내무임하능모，소맥병미출현결로혹매변등현상。해연구위열관기술재대형량고중적응용제공의거화기술지지。
To solve problems occurring in grain storage such as high-energy consumption, uncontrollable insect pests, and serious pesticide pollution, a heated, pipe-based grain storehouse utilizing natural cold resources was developed. The heated pipe-based grain storehouse is composed of a storehouse, heat pipe, and temperature monitoring system. The working substance in the evaporation section of the heat pipe absorbs heat from the grain, gasifies it, and then releases the heat via heat an exchange with cold air in the condensation section of the heat pipe. The liquefied working substance then flows back to the evaporation section via gravity. An automatic cycle is accomplished in this manner. The natural coldness resource is continuously transferred and stored in the grain, and low temperature grain storage is achieved. In this study, from December 2011 to November 2012, the distribution and variation of the temperature of grain storehouses were measured and analyzed. The insect pest inhibition effect was also studied. Results showed that the heat pipe was in operation for 91 day, in which the temperature was2.2 lower than that of traditional grain storehouses, and the average wheat temperature of the℃heat pipe-based grain storehouse decreased to 0℃ within 19 days, reaching the minimum of -3.17℃. In this period, its heat exchange was 50.95MJ and the cooling rate was 0.28℃/d, which were respectively 31.62%and 47.37%higher than that of conventional grain storehouses. Natural cold resources more rapidly transferred into the heat pipe-based grain storehouse. The average wheat temperature of the heat pipe-based grain storehouse had been below 15 before May 2012, in accordance with the widely accepted temperature requirement for low℃temperature grain storage. The occurrence of insect pests in the heat pipe-based storehouse was delayed and the insect pest density was lowered. Thus, the insect control effect was significant. In addition, no moisture condensation or mildew occurred during the experimental period. In summer, the average wheat temperature of heat pipe-based grain storehouses was 2 lower℃ than that of traditional storehouses. Heat pipe technology proved to be applicable and efficient in grain storage in temperate and cold regions. With low energy consumption, low cost, high cooling rate, and good insect pest control effect, the storehouse could remarkably maintain grain quality in an environmentally friendly way. Considering the high surface area of grain storehouses in this research, the cooling effect and reserved cold resources could be greater when put into practice in large grain storehouses. This research provides the theoretical foundation and technical support for the practical application of heat pipe technology in large grain storehouses.