CAJ | 학술논문

　　利用2007?2008年北京首都国际机场气象观测资料和低空风切变的航空记录资料,统计分析了首都国际机场背景风特征和发生低空风切变时的风特征,并针对影响航空飞行安全的低空风切变个例分析了高空形势场,利用中尺度数值模式模拟了低空风切变的发展过程。主要结论有：两年间首都国际机场平均风速冬春季较大,风向主要为西北和东南方向,出现大风的频率也较夏秋季高；低空风切变主要发生在冬春两季,发生时近地面风速在11～15 m/s,风向为西北方向,主要由大气运动本身的变化造成,环流分析更加明确大尺度运动系统过境对低空风切变诱发的影响；数值模式不仅模拟出首都国际机场的低空风切变,还模拟出低空风切变自西北向东南方向的发展过程,其中,高空动量下传可能是诱发机场低空风切变的重要机制。
　　이용2007?2008년북경수도국제궤장기상관측자료화저공풍절변적항공기록자료,통계분석료수도국제궤장배경풍특정화발생저공풍절변시적풍특정,병침대영향항공비행안전적저공풍절변개례분석료고공형세장,이용중척도수치모식모의료저공풍절변적발전과정。주요결론유：량년간수도국제궤장평균풍속동춘계교대,풍향주요위서북화동남방향,출현대풍적빈솔야교하추계고；저공풍절변주요발생재동춘량계,발생시근지면풍속재11～15 m/s,풍향위서북방향,주요유대기운동본신적변화조성,배류분석경가명학대척도운동계통과경대저공풍절변유발적영향；수치모식불부모의출수도국제궤장적저공풍절변,환모의출저공풍절변자서북향동남방향적발전과정,기중,고공동량하전가능시유발궤장저공풍절변적중요궤제。
Characteristics of wind in 2007?2008, when low-level wind shear occurred, were statistically analyzed over Beijing Capital International Airport by using meteorological observation data and low-level wind shear records. NCEP data were applied to examine the 850 hPa situation for the selected low-level wind shear case that affected aviation security over the airport. Numerical simulations were performed to simulate the development of the low-level wind shear. The main results are as follows: average wind speeds in winter and spring were bigger than in summer and autumn in 2007?2008 over Beijing Capital International Airport. The main wind direction was northwest or southeast. Wind more than 5 m/s was also mainly distributed in winter and spring. When low-level wind shear existed, the wind near the surface was at the speed of 11～15 m/s and the wind direction was only northwest. During the day, most low-level wind shear appeared at 00:00?11:30. The analysis demonstrated that the low-level wind shear over the airport was primarily induced by the atmosphere motion itself. Circulation analysis proved that a large-scale atmospheric motion system had a significant effect on the low-level wind shear occurrence when it passed over the airport. In accordance with the observational analysis, the numerical model has not only simulated the low-level wind shear occurrence, but also its northwest-southeast development. The high-level momentum download might be an important mechanism causing the airport low-level wind shear occurrence.