玉米科学
玉米科學
옥미과학
JOURNAL OF MAIZE SCIENCES
2013年
4期
107-111
,共5页
唐海明%汤文光%殷玉梁%刘国栋%杨光立%郭立君%汤海涛%张帆%刘杰%肖小平
唐海明%湯文光%慇玉樑%劉國棟%楊光立%郭立君%湯海濤%張帆%劉傑%肖小平
당해명%탕문광%은옥량%류국동%양광립%곽립군%탕해도%장범%류걸%초소평
春玉米%施肥模式%生物学特性%产量
春玉米%施肥模式%生物學特性%產量
춘옥미%시비모식%생물학특성%산량
Spring maize%Fertilization mode%Biological characteristic%Yield
以当地常规施肥模式(CK)为对照，研究南方丘陵红壤旱地不同施肥模式(CO：常规施肥+有机肥；CB，常规施肥+生物有机肥；CP：常规施肥+钾肥)对春玉米生物学特性及产量的影响。结果表明，单株叶面积和叶面积指数大小顺序为CO>CP>CB>CK处理，全生育期单株叶面积和叶面积指数均显著高于对照，抽雄期和成熟期CO和CP处理均显著高于其他处理。拔节期、抽雄期和成熟期CO和CP处理植株根系干重、茎干重均显著高于其他处理， CO处理植株叶干重显著高于对照。 CO处理穗长显著高于对照；CP处理行粒数、穗粒数和百粒重均显著高于对照。CO、CB和CP处理产量分别比对照增加19.36%、13.08%和22.10%，增产原因主要是行粒数、穗粒数和百粒重的增加。
以噹地常規施肥模式(CK)為對照，研究南方丘陵紅壤旱地不同施肥模式(CO：常規施肥+有機肥；CB，常規施肥+生物有機肥；CP：常規施肥+鉀肥)對春玉米生物學特性及產量的影響。結果錶明，單株葉麵積和葉麵積指數大小順序為CO>CP>CB>CK處理，全生育期單株葉麵積和葉麵積指數均顯著高于對照，抽雄期和成熟期CO和CP處理均顯著高于其他處理。拔節期、抽雄期和成熟期CO和CP處理植株根繫榦重、莖榦重均顯著高于其他處理， CO處理植株葉榦重顯著高于對照。 CO處理穗長顯著高于對照；CP處理行粒數、穗粒數和百粒重均顯著高于對照。CO、CB和CP處理產量分彆比對照增加19.36%、13.08%和22.10%，增產原因主要是行粒數、穗粒數和百粒重的增加。
이당지상규시비모식(CK)위대조，연구남방구릉홍양한지불동시비모식(CO：상규시비+유궤비；CB，상규시비+생물유궤비；CP：상규시비+갑비)대춘옥미생물학특성급산량적영향。결과표명，단주협면적화협면적지수대소순서위CO>CP>CB>CK처리，전생육기단주협면적화협면적지수균현저고우대조，추웅기화성숙기CO화CP처리균현저고우기타처리。발절기、추웅기화성숙기CO화CP처리식주근계간중、경간중균현저고우기타처리， CO처리식주협간중현저고우대조。 CO처리수장현저고우대조；CP처리행립수、수립수화백립중균현저고우대조。CO、CB화CP처리산량분별비대조증가19.36%、13.08%화22.10%，증산원인주요시행립수、수립수화백립중적증가。
The effects of different fertilization modes on biological characteristics and yield of spring maize in hilly red soil upland were studied. The field experiment was executed in plot field trial. The results showed that leaf area and leaf area index of spring maize with different fertilization modes were CO>CP>CB>CK. And ANOVA re-vealed that the leaf area and leaf area index were significantly more from the three treatments during the whole growth periods of spring maize than that of the CK, while the CO and CP treatments had the largest leaf area and leaf area in-dex during the spring maize heading stage and maturing stage. CP and CO treatments had the largest dry weight of root and stem, while the CO treatment had the largest dry weight of leaves during the spring maize jointing stage, heading stage and maturing stage. The results indicated that applied potassium and organic fertilizer significantly increased the ear length, kernel number, number of grains in an ear and 100-grains weight than the CK. And the ear length were increased with CO treatment, the kernel number, number of grains in an ear and 100-grains weight were increased with CP, CO and CB treatment. Meanwhile, the grain yield of spring maize with CO, CB and CP were increased by 19.36%, 13.08%and 22.10%, respectively, compared with the CK. The results clearly demonstrated that the grain yield of spring maize were significantly promoted by increase of kernel number, number of grains in an ear and 100-grains weight.
