中国实用神经疾病杂志
中國實用神經疾病雜誌
중국실용신경질병잡지
CHINESE JOURNAL OF PRACTICAL NERVOUS DISEASES
2014年
9期
13-14
,共2页
抗生素%医院感染%脑卒中
抗生素%醫院感染%腦卒中
항생소%의원감염%뇌졸중
Antibiotics%Nosocomial infection%Stroke
目的:探讨分析抗生素不合理应用和滥用对长期卧床脑卒中患者的感染危险以及预防对策。方法回顾性分析我院2008-02-2013-05收治的神经内科脑卒中患者163例,分析其长期卧床后感染情况以及抗生素使用情况。结果163例患者中31例发生院内感染(19.02%),院内感染患者中抗生素使用≥10 d、抗生素联合使用2种以上(包括2种)、抗生素使用剂量过量、抗生素使用剂量不足、不符合指证使用抗生素情况所占比例均明显大于未院内感染患者的各项所占比例,并且从合计中可以看出抗生素错误使用情况中主要表现在抗生素使用疗程过长(占25.77%)和抗生素使用剂量超标(占25.15)两方面。患者感染部位包括肺部12例,口腔感染3例,肛门部位感染2例,支架置入切口处感染14例。通过血培养共分离出病原菌株85株,其中包括细菌69株(81.18%),真菌16株(18.82%),亚胺培南和美罗培南对三种病原菌肺炎克雷伯菌、铜绿假单胞菌肠球菌、大肠埃希菌的耐药率均明显低于其他常用抗菌药物,差异均具有统计学意义( P<0.05)。结论抗生素不合理应用和滥用增加了医院感染的风险,特别是耐药菌感染的风险,脑卒中患者由于长期卧床易发压疮以及肺部痰液坠积造成感染,在明确感染前尽量不使用抗生素,明确感染后要及时做血培养并按指证在规定疗程和合理剂量内使用抗生素。
目的:探討分析抗生素不閤理應用和濫用對長期臥床腦卒中患者的感染危險以及預防對策。方法迴顧性分析我院2008-02-2013-05收治的神經內科腦卒中患者163例,分析其長期臥床後感染情況以及抗生素使用情況。結果163例患者中31例髮生院內感染(19.02%),院內感染患者中抗生素使用≥10 d、抗生素聯閤使用2種以上(包括2種)、抗生素使用劑量過量、抗生素使用劑量不足、不符閤指證使用抗生素情況所佔比例均明顯大于未院內感染患者的各項所佔比例,併且從閤計中可以看齣抗生素錯誤使用情況中主要錶現在抗生素使用療程過長(佔25.77%)和抗生素使用劑量超標(佔25.15)兩方麵。患者感染部位包括肺部12例,口腔感染3例,肛門部位感染2例,支架置入切口處感染14例。通過血培養共分離齣病原菌株85株,其中包括細菌69株(81.18%),真菌16株(18.82%),亞胺培南和美囉培南對三種病原菌肺炎剋雷伯菌、銅綠假單胞菌腸毬菌、大腸埃希菌的耐藥率均明顯低于其他常用抗菌藥物,差異均具有統計學意義( P<0.05)。結論抗生素不閤理應用和濫用增加瞭醫院感染的風險,特彆是耐藥菌感染的風險,腦卒中患者由于長期臥床易髮壓瘡以及肺部痰液墜積造成感染,在明確感染前儘量不使用抗生素,明確感染後要及時做血培養併按指證在規定療程和閤理劑量內使用抗生素。
목적:탐토분석항생소불합리응용화람용대장기와상뇌졸중환자적감염위험이급예방대책。방법회고성분석아원2008-02-2013-05수치적신경내과뇌졸중환자163례,분석기장기와상후감염정황이급항생소사용정황。결과163례환자중31례발생원내감염(19.02%),원내감염환자중항생소사용≥10 d、항생소연합사용2충이상(포괄2충)、항생소사용제량과량、항생소사용제량불족、불부합지증사용항생소정황소점비례균명현대우미원내감염환자적각항소점비례,병차종합계중가이간출항생소착오사용정황중주요표현재항생소사용료정과장(점25.77%)화항생소사용제량초표(점25.15)량방면。환자감염부위포괄폐부12례,구강감염3례,항문부위감염2례,지가치입절구처감염14례。통과혈배양공분리출병원균주85주,기중포괄세균69주(81.18%),진균16주(18.82%),아알배남화미라배남대삼충병원균폐염극뢰백균、동록가단포균장구균、대장애희균적내약솔균명현저우기타상용항균약물,차이균구유통계학의의( P<0.05)。결론항생소불합리응용화람용증가료의원감염적풍험,특별시내약균감염적풍험,뇌졸중환자유우장기와상역발압창이급폐부담액추적조성감염,재명학감염전진량불사용항생소,명학감염후요급시주혈배양병안지증재규정료정화합리제량내사용항생소。
Objective To explore the infectious risks and preventive measures in bedridden stroke patients applied by inap-propriate application and abuse of antibiotic.Methods The data of 163 stroke patients in neurology department during Februar-y ,2008 to May ,2013 were retrospectively analyzed ,whose infection after long-term bed and antibiotic usage were analyzed.Results Thirty-one patients of 163 had nosocomial infections ,with the proportion of 19.02%. Compared to non nosocomial infection patients ,the proportions of patients who received antibiotics ≥ 10d ,who received combination of more than 2 antibi-otics(including two antibiotics) ,who received overdose of antibiotics ,who received insufficient dose of antibiotics and who re-ceived antibiotics without indication were significantly higher than those in nosocomial infection patients.The inappropriate use of antibiotics included too long time use or overdose of antibiotics.Infection sites included 12 cases of lung infection ,3 cases of oval cavity infection ,2 cases of anus infection ,and 14 cases of stent incision infection.Resistance rates of imipenem and mero-penem to pneumonia klebsiella ,pseudomonas aeruginosa and escherichia coli were significantly lower than other antibiotics ,the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05).Conclusion In conclusion ,the inappropriate application and abuse of antibi-otics increase the risk of nosocomial infections ,particularly the risk of drug-resistant bacteria infection.Stroke patients are sus-ceptive to infection because of pressure sores and lung sputum hypostasis caused infection.It is suggested that antibiotics should not be applied without definite infection.However ,if there is definite infection ,blood culture should be applied immediately and antibiotics should be applied according to indications with reasonable course and dose.