CAJ | 학술논문

　　为了确定在缩小行距的情况下，不同时间秸秆覆盖和不同覆盖量对土壤温度、湿度以及产量的影响，通过缩小种植行距、利用玉米秸秆整秆覆盖，采用裂区设计，主区为2个处理A1（冬后覆盖）、A2（冬前覆盖），副区为不同覆盖量的4个的处理以及不覆盖对照进行试验。结果表明：在0~15 cm的土壤温度敏感层，冬前覆盖比冬后覆盖的增温明显，在整个生育期中不同覆盖量各层地温的变化曲线基本相同；0~40 cm 的土壤含水量在生育期的变化趋势基本一致，冬前覆盖比冬后覆盖的土壤含水量平均高0.54%；冬后不同覆盖量处理的干物质的积累量在抽穗期—灌浆期明显高于冬前覆盖的各处理，而成熟期干物质的积累量冬前各处理要高于冬后覆盖；在产量表现最大的分别是 A2B3(3669.12 kg/hm2)、A1B2(3654.79 kg/hm2)说明冬前覆盖量为4500 kg/hm2的增产效果明显。因此，利用玉米整秆覆盖，缩行增密，形成不同播幅和覆盖区宽度的种植模式，增温保墒，节水增产，提高水分利用率，是小麦增产稳产的一条有效途径。
　　위료학정재축소행거적정황하，불동시간갈간복개화불동복개량대토양온도、습도이급산량적영향，통과축소충식행거、이용옥미갈간정간복개，채용렬구설계，주구위2개처리A1（동후복개）、A2（동전복개），부구위불동복개량적4개적처리이급불복개대조진행시험。결과표명：재0~15 cm적토양온도민감층，동전복개비동후복개적증온명현，재정개생육기중불동복개량각층지온적변화곡선기본상동；0~40 cm 적토양함수량재생육기적변화추세기본일치，동전복개비동후복개적토양함수량평균고0.54%；동후불동복개량처리적간물질적적루량재추수기—관장기명현고우동전복개적각처리，이성숙기간물질적적루량동전각처리요고우동후복개；재산량표현최대적분별시 A2B3(3669.12 kg/hm2)、A1B2(3654.79 kg/hm2)설명동전복개량위4500 kg/hm2적증산효과명현。인차，이용옥미정간복개，축행증밀，형성불동파폭화복개구관도적충식모식，증온보상，절수증산，제고수분이용솔，시소맥증산은산적일조유효도경。
In order to determine the impact on soil temperature, humidity and yield of straw mulching on different time and different covering amount in the case of row spacing reduced, by Shrinked row of the planting, covered with corn straw pole. Used split-plot design, two main areas were: A1 (covered after winter) and A2 (covered before winter), the deputy district was four different amount of coverage and not covered. The results showed that, in 0-15 cm soil temperature-sensitive layer, the covered before winter warmed was obviously than after winter, the ground temperature curve of the amount of different levels coverage was the same basically during the entire growth period; the changed trend of the 0-40 cm soil moisture in the reproductive was the same basically, the soil moisture before winter coverage averaged 0.54% than after winter;the dry matter accumulation of the amount of processing after winter mulched was significantly higher than that each treatment coverage before winter at heading -grain filling stage, the dry matter accumulation of each treatment of coverage before winter was higher than after winter at maturity; the biggest difference of yield performance were A2B3 (3669.12 kg/hm2) and A1B2 (3654.79 kg/hm2). Description that the coverage of 4500 kg/hm2 before winter was significant for increasing yield. Therefore, using entire pole coverage of the corn, indenting densification, forming the mode of different broadcast pieces and zone width of cover cropping patterns, warming soil moisture, water-saving increase, improving the utilization of the water is an effective way of wheat yield stable.