CAJ | 학술논문

　　为探究不同机械种植方式对水稻生产经济效益的影响，2010—2012年在广东肇庆怀集县，对钵毯机插、毯状机插、机直播和人工手插4种种植方式进行了比较试验。结果表明：在产量上，2010年早稻，钵毯机插、毯状机插和机直播均比手插低，分别低1.28%、0.96%和7.69%；2011年早稻，也分别较手插低了0.45%、0.67%和8.29%；2012年早稻，则比手插分别提高了12.52%、11.22%和0.00%。3年中，机直播的平均日产量都高于其他种植方式。在经济效益上，2010年早稻，钵毯机插秧、毯状机插和机直播的成本均比手插低，净利润分别增加1.43%、2.14%和-10.84%，而2011年的成本分别较手插变化2.28%、2.28%和-5.90%，净利润分别下降了3.68%、3.20%和10.62%，2012年的成本分别较手插变化2.28%、2.28%和-5.90%，净利润均有提高。由此得出，毯状机插和钵体机插较适用于肇庆早稻生产，而机直播不同年份间产量波动较大。
　　위탐구불동궤계충식방식대수도생산경제효익적영향，2010—2012년재엄동조경부집현，대발담궤삽、담상궤삽、궤직파화인공수삽4충충식방식진행료비교시험。결과표명：재산량상，2010년조도，발담궤삽、담상궤삽화궤직파균비수삽저，분별저1.28%、0.96%화7.69%；2011년조도，야분별교수삽저료0.45%、0.67%화8.29%；2012년조도，칙비수삽분별제고료12.52%、11.22%화0.00%。3년중，궤직파적평균일산량도고우기타충식방식。재경제효익상，2010년조도，발담궤삽앙、담상궤삽화궤직파적성본균비수삽저，정리윤분별증가1.43%、2.14%화-10.84%，이2011년적성본분별교수삽변화2.28%、2.28%화-5.90%，정리윤분별하강료3.68%、3.20%화10.62%，2012년적성본분별교수삽변화2.28%、2.28%화-5.90%，정리윤균유제고。유차득출，담상궤삽화발체궤삽교괄용우조경조도생산，이궤직파불동년빈간산량파동교대。
To explore the influence of different mechanical planting patterns on the economic efficiency of rice production, from 2010 to 2012, comparison test was conducted between bowel-blanket mechanical planting, blanket-like mechanical planting, mechanical direct seeding and manual transplanting in Huaiji County Zhaoqing City, Guangdong Province. Results showed that, the yield of bowel-blanket mechanical planting, blanket-like mechanical planting and mechanical direct seeding in 2010 early season rice was lower than manual transplanting, lower respectively 1.28% , 0.96% and 7.69% . And in 2011, the yield was lower respectively 0.45%, 0.67% and 8.29%, but in 2012, it increased respectively 12.52%, 11.22% and 0.00%. The daily average yield of mechanical direct seeding always was the highest from 2010 to 2012. Comparing with the manual transplanting, the cost of bowel-blanket mechanical planting, blanket-like mechanical planting and mechanical direct seeding in 2010 early season rice decreased significantly, and net profit changed respectively 2.14% , 1.43% and -10.84% . And in 2011, the cost changed respectively 2.28% , 2.28%and -5.90%, and net profit decreased respectively 3.20%, 3.68% and 10.62%. But in 2012, the cost changed respectively 2.28%, 2.28% and -5.90%, and net profit increased significantly. The results showed that, the blanket-like mechanical planting and the bowel-like mechanical planting are more suitable for rice production in Huaiji County Zhaoqing City, but the output fluctuation of mechanical direct seeding is large in different years.