CAJ | 학술논문

　　为探讨影响西门塔尔牛超数排卵效果的因素，提高供体母牛利用率、加速胚胎移植技术产业化。以头均回收胚数和头均可用胚数为主要技术指标，在湖北和内蒙古乌拉盖进行超排试验，比较经产牛与青年牛、中科院产与加拿大产FSH以及两种不同超排方案及不同季节等因素对超排效果的影响。结果表明：（1）在农区，青年母牛的头均回收胚数和头均可用胚数分别为9.8、7.5枚，经产母牛分别为7.5、4.2枚，青年母牛显著高于经产母牛(P<0.05)；在牧区，青年母牛头均回收胚数和可用胚数分别为10.3、8.4枚，经产母牛分别为8.0、5.5枚，青年母牛显著高于经产母牛(P<0.05)。（2）在农区，使用中科院产FSH的头均回收胚数和可用胚数分别为8.0、4.8枚，使用加拿大产FSH分别为9.0、5.9枚，中科院产FSH与加拿大产FSH之间差异不显著(P>0.05)；在牧区，使用中科院产FSH头均回收胚数和可用胚数分别为8.8、5.5枚，使用加拿大产 FSH 分别为9.5、6.5枚，中科院产 FSH 与加拿大产 FSH 之间差异亦不显著(P>0.05)。（3）在牧区，方案A(FSH+PG)的头均回收胚数和可用胚数分别为7.5、4.8枚，方案B(CIDR+E2+P4+FSH+PG)分别为10.5、8.0枚，方案B显著高于方案A (P<0.05)；在农区，方案A的头均回收胚数和可用胚数分别为7.0、4.2枚，方案B分别为9.6、7.1枚，方案B亦显著高于方案A (P<0.05)。（4）在牧区，夏季的头均回收胚数和可用胚数分别为9.6、7.5枚，春季分别为6.0、3.5枚，夏季显著高于春季(P<0.05)；在农区，春季的头均回收胚数和可用胚数分别为8.2、5.4枚，秋季分别为9.0、6.7枚，春季与秋季之间差异不显著(P>0.05)。说明：（1）青年母牛可作为供体牛的首选；（2）中科院产FSH能获得好的超排效果，且价格便宜，应为超排首选；（3）CIDR+E2+P4+FSH+PG法的超排效果优于FSH+PG法，前者为首选超排方案；（4）牧区应在夏季超排，农区应在春季和秋季超排。　　為探討影響西門塔爾牛超數排卵效果的因素，提高供體母牛利用率、加速胚胎移植技術產業化。以頭均迴收胚數和頭均可用胚數為主要技術指標，在湖北和內矇古烏拉蓋進行超排試驗，比較經產牛與青年牛、中科院產與加拿大產FSH以及兩種不同超排方案及不同季節等因素對超排效果的影響。結果錶明：（1）在農區，青年母牛的頭均迴收胚數和頭均可用胚數分彆為9.8、7.5枚，經產母牛分彆為7.5、4.2枚，青年母牛顯著高于經產母牛(P<0.05)；在牧區，青年母牛頭均迴收胚數和可用胚數分彆為10.3、8.4枚，經產母牛分彆為8.0、5.5枚，青年母牛顯著高于經產母牛(P<0.05)。（2）在農區，使用中科院產FSH的頭均迴收胚數和可用胚數分彆為8.0、4.8枚，使用加拿大產FSH分彆為9.0、5.9枚，中科院產FSH與加拿大產FSH之間差異不顯著(P>0.05)；在牧區，使用中科院產FSH頭均迴收胚數和可用胚數分彆為8.8、5.5枚，使用加拿大產 FSH 分彆為9.5、6.5枚，中科院產 FSH 與加拿大產 FSH 之間差異亦不顯著(P>0.05)。（3）在牧區，方案A(FSH+PG)的頭均迴收胚數和可用胚數分彆為7.5、4.8枚，方案B(CIDR+E2+P4+FSH+PG)分彆為10.5、8.0枚，方案B顯著高于方案A (P<0.05)；在農區，方案A的頭均迴收胚數和可用胚數分彆為7.0、4.2枚，方案B分彆為9.6、7.1枚，方案B亦顯著高于方案A (P<0.05)。（4）在牧區，夏季的頭均迴收胚數和可用胚數分彆為9.6、7.5枚，春季分彆為6.0、3.5枚，夏季顯著高于春季(P<0.05)；在農區，春季的頭均迴收胚數和可用胚數分彆為8.2、5.4枚，鞦季分彆為9.0、6.7枚，春季與鞦季之間差異不顯著(P>0.05)。說明：（1）青年母牛可作為供體牛的首選；（2）中科院產FSH能穫得好的超排效果，且價格便宜，應為超排首選；（3）CIDR+E2+P4+FSH+PG法的超排效果優于FSH+PG法，前者為首選超排方案；（4）牧區應在夏季超排，農區應在春季和鞦季超排。
　　위탐토영향서문탑이우초수배란효과적인소，제고공체모우이용솔、가속배태이식기술산업화。이두균회수배수화두균가용배수위주요기술지표，재호북화내몽고오랍개진행초배시험，비교경산우여청년우、중과원산여가나대산FSH이급량충불동초배방안급불동계절등인소대초배효과적영향。결과표명：（1）재농구，청년모우적두균회수배수화두균가용배수분별위9.8、7.5매，경산모우분별위7.5、4.2매，청년모우현저고우경산모우(P<0.05)；재목구，청년모우두균회수배수화가용배수분별위10.3、8.4매，경산모우분별위8.0、5.5매，청년모우현저고우경산모우(P<0.05)。（2）재농구，사용중과원산FSH적두균회수배수화가용배수분별위8.0、4.8매，사용가나대산FSH분별위9.0、5.9매，중과원산FSH여가나대산FSH지간차이불현저(P>0.05)；재목구，사용중과원산FSH두균회수배수화가용배수분별위8.8、5.5매，사용가나대산 FSH 분별위9.5、6.5매，중과원산 FSH 여가나대산 FSH 지간차이역불현저(P>0.05)。（3）재목구，방안A(FSH+PG)적두균회수배수화가용배수분별위7.5、4.8매，방안B(CIDR+E2+P4+FSH+PG)분별위10.5、8.0매，방안B현저고우방안A (P<0.05)；재농구，방안A적두균회수배수화가용배수분별위7.0、4.2매，방안B분별위9.6、7.1매，방안B역현저고우방안A (P<0.05)。（4）재목구，하계적두균회수배수화가용배수분별위9.6、7.5매，춘계분별위6.0、3.5매，하계현저고우춘계(P<0.05)；재농구，춘계적두균회수배수화가용배수분별위8.2、5.4매，추계분별위9.0、6.7매，춘계여추계지간차이불현저(P>0.05)。설명：（1）청년모우가작위공체우적수선；（2）중과원산FSH능획득호적초배효과，차개격편의，응위초배수선；（3）CIDR+E2+P4+FSH+PG법적초배효과우우FSH+PG법，전자위수선초배방안；（4）목구응재하계초배，농구응재춘계화추계초배。
The experiment was conducted to analyze the factors of influencing superovulation in Simmental Cattle, with the aim of increasing the availability of donor cows and accelerating industrialization of the embryo transplantation. The average number of recovered embryos and the average number of available embryos were taken as the main technical indicators, in agricultural areas of Hubei Province and pasturing areas of Inner Mongolia, the main factors of superovulation were compared, including primiparous and heifers, FSH of CAS (Chinese Academy of Sciences) and FSH of Canada, two different superovulation programs and different seasons. The results showed that: (1) The average number of recovered embryos and the average number of available embryos of heifers (9.8, 7.5) were higher than those of primiparous (7.5, 4.2) in agricultural areas (P<0.05), and those of heifers (10.3, 8.4) were higher than those of primiparous (8.0, 5.5) in pasturing areas (P<0.05). (2) There were no significant differences of the average number of recovered embryos and the average number of available embryos between the FSH of CAS (8.0, 4.8) and FSH of Canada (9.0, 5.9) in agricultural areas (P>0.05), and the similar result was acquired in pasturing areas, also no differences between the FSH of CAS (8.8, 5.5) and FSH of Canada (9.5, 6.5; P>0.05). (3) The Superovulation effects of program A (FSH+PG) and program B (CIDR+E2+P4+FSH+PG) were compared. The average number of recovered embryos and the average number of available embryos of program B (10.5, 8.0) were higher than that of program A (7.5, 4.8) in pasturing areas (P<0.05); and program B (9.6, 7.1) were higher than that of program A (7.0, 4.2) in agricultural areas (P<0.05). (4) The average number of recovered embryos and the average number of available embryos in summer (9.6, 7.5) were higher than that of in spring (6.0, 3.5) in pasturing areas (P<0.05). There were no significant differences of the average number of recovered embryos and the average number of available embryos between spring (8.2, 5.4) and autumn (9.0, 6.7) in agricultural areas (P>0.05). In conclusion: (1) Heifers could be the best choice as donors in agricultural and pasturing areas. (2) The FSH of CAS was better choice considering good superovulation result and low price. (3) The superovulation result in application of program B was better than that of program A. (4) For Pasturing areas, superovulation should be performed in summer, and for agricultural areas, superovulation could be performed both in spring and autumn.