中国农学通报
中國農學通報
중국농학통보
CHINESE AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE BULLETIN
2013年
18期
72-78
,共7页
吴海兰%王先宏%何丽莲%李富生
吳海蘭%王先宏%何麗蓮%李富生
오해란%왕선굉%하려련%리부생
甘蔗%染色体%核型分析%亲本材料
甘蔗%染色體%覈型分析%親本材料
감자%염색체%핵형분석%친본재료
Saccharum spp.%chromosome%karyotype analysis%parent materials
通过10个甘蔗品种的核型分析，研究其染色体组成系统演化和血缘构成的基本特征，为甘蔗育种选配亲本提供细胞学依据。以10个甘蔗品种的根尖为材料，采用改良的酶解去壁低渗法制备染色体标本，再利用Ikaros软件进行核型分析。‘粤糖86-368’的核型公式为2n=111=2M+103m+4sm+2T，‘桂糖11’的核型公式为2n=106=96m+10sm，这2个品种的核型分类均属于1B 型；‘新台糖10’的核型公式为2n=108=98m+10sm，‘新台糖16’的核型公式为2n=111=4M+101m+6sm，‘新台糖20’的核型公式为2n=110=98m+10sm+2st，‘新台糖22’的核型公式为2n=110=2M+96m+12sm，‘粤糖93-159’的核型公式为2n=108=2M+88m+18sm，‘闽糖69-421’的核型公式为2n=109=95m+14sm，‘云蔗89-151’的核型公式为2n=111=91m+20sm 这7个品种的核型分类均属于2B 型；‘云蔗99-91’的核型公式为2n=108=84m+22sm+2st，核型分类属于2C型。研究结果说明，‘粤糖86-368’、‘桂糖11’这2个品种的进化程度都还比较原始；‘云蔗99-91’、‘云蔗89-151’进化程度最高；其余6个品种进化程度中等。
通過10箇甘蔗品種的覈型分析，研究其染色體組成繫統縯化和血緣構成的基本特徵，為甘蔗育種選配親本提供細胞學依據。以10箇甘蔗品種的根尖為材料，採用改良的酶解去壁低滲法製備染色體標本，再利用Ikaros軟件進行覈型分析。‘粵糖86-368’的覈型公式為2n=111=2M+103m+4sm+2T，‘桂糖11’的覈型公式為2n=106=96m+10sm，這2箇品種的覈型分類均屬于1B 型；‘新檯糖10’的覈型公式為2n=108=98m+10sm，‘新檯糖16’的覈型公式為2n=111=4M+101m+6sm，‘新檯糖20’的覈型公式為2n=110=98m+10sm+2st，‘新檯糖22’的覈型公式為2n=110=2M+96m+12sm，‘粵糖93-159’的覈型公式為2n=108=2M+88m+18sm，‘閩糖69-421’的覈型公式為2n=109=95m+14sm，‘雲蔗89-151’的覈型公式為2n=111=91m+20sm 這7箇品種的覈型分類均屬于2B 型；‘雲蔗99-91’的覈型公式為2n=108=84m+22sm+2st，覈型分類屬于2C型。研究結果說明，‘粵糖86-368’、‘桂糖11’這2箇品種的進化程度都還比較原始；‘雲蔗99-91’、‘雲蔗89-151’進化程度最高；其餘6箇品種進化程度中等。
통과10개감자품충적핵형분석，연구기염색체조성계통연화화혈연구성적기본특정，위감자육충선배친본제공세포학의거。이10개감자품충적근첨위재료，채용개량적매해거벽저삼법제비염색체표본，재이용Ikaros연건진행핵형분석。‘월당86-368’적핵형공식위2n=111=2M+103m+4sm+2T，‘계당11’적핵형공식위2n=106=96m+10sm，저2개품충적핵형분류균속우1B 형；‘신태당10’적핵형공식위2n=108=98m+10sm，‘신태당16’적핵형공식위2n=111=4M+101m+6sm，‘신태당20’적핵형공식위2n=110=98m+10sm+2st，‘신태당22’적핵형공식위2n=110=2M+96m+12sm，‘월당93-159’적핵형공식위2n=108=2M+88m+18sm，‘민당69-421’적핵형공식위2n=109=95m+14sm，‘운자89-151’적핵형공식위2n=111=91m+20sm 저7개품충적핵형분류균속우2B 형；‘운자99-91’적핵형공식위2n=108=84m+22sm+2st，핵형분류속우2C형。연구결과설명，‘월당86-368’、‘계당11’저2개품충적진화정도도환비교원시；‘운자99-91’、‘운자89-151’진화정도최고；기여6개품충진화정도중등。
The basic characteristics of genomic evolution and consanguineous constitution were studied using karyotypes analysis of ten sugarcane varieties. These provided cytological evidence for parent selection of sugarcane breeding. Root tips of ten sugarcane varieties were used to make chromosome specimen with improved method of cell wall digested with enzyme and low osmosis, and the karyotypes analysis was carried out with ikaros software. The karyotype formulas of‘Yuetang86-368’was 2n=111=2M + 103m + 4sm + 2T,‘Guitang11’was 2n=106=96m+10sm, both belonged to 1B type of chromosome. The karyotype formulas of ROC10 was 2n=108=98m+10sm, ROC16 was 2n=111=4M+101m+6sm. ROC20 was 2n=110=98m+10sm+2st. ROC22 was 2n=110=2M+96m+12sm;‘Yuetang93-159’was 2n=108=2M+88m+18sm.‘Mintang69-421’was 2n=109=95m + 14sm;‘YZ89-151’was 2n=111=91m + 20sm, all belonged to 2B type of chromosome. The karyotype formulas of‘YZ99-91’was 2n=108=84m+22sm+2st, belonging to 2C type of chromosome. The result suggested that‘Yuetang86-368’and‘Guitang11’were lower on the evolutionary scale;‘YZ99-91’ and‘YZ89-151’were the highest on the evolutionary scale; and other six varieties were medium on the evolutionary scale.
